DefinePK

Research Objective

To establish the efficacy of mean pain control after submucosal tramadol injection compared to placebo after surgical removal of the impacted third molar.

Methodology

Quasi-experimental study involving 100 patients undergoing surgical removal of impacted third molars. Patients were divided into two groups: Group-T received submucosal tramadol injection adjacent to the extraction socket after the first extraction, and Group-P received saline. After the second extraction, the groups were switched. Pain intensity was assessed using a 10-mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at 2, 4, and 24 hours post-operatively. Frequency and concentration of analgesic intake and duration of anesthesia were also recorded. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 with a paired sample t-test.

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD
    A["Patient Selection & Consent"] --> B["Surgical Removal of Third Molar"];
    B --> C["Random Assignment to Groups"Tramadol/Placebo""];
    C --> D["First Extraction & Submucosal Injection"];
    D --> E["Second Extraction & Submucosal Injection"Cross-over""];
    E --> F["Post-operative Pain Assessment VAS"];
    F --> G["Record Analgesic Intake & Anesthesia Duration"];
    G --> H["Data Analysis SPSS, t-test"];
    H --> I["Conclusion"];                    

Discussion

The study suggests that submucosal tramadol is effective in controlling post-operative pain following third molar surgery, likely due to localized higher drug concentration at the surgical site. This localized administration may offer analgesic benefits with fewer systemic side effects compared to systemic administration. The findings support tramadol's role as an adjuvant anesthetic and analgesic.

Key Findings

Patients receiving submucosal tramadol experienced significantly less pain compared to the placebo group at 2, 4, and 24 hours post-operatively. Mean pain intensity at 2, 4, and 24 hours for the group without Tramadol was 8.40±0.90, 6.30±0.40, and 2.10±0.40, respectively. For the group with Tramadol, the mean pain intensities were 5.90±0.50, 4.50±0.30, and 1.60±0.40, respectively.

Conclusion

Submucosal administration of tramadol along with local anesthesia is more effective in providing effective and prolonged analgesia following impacted third molar extraction surgery compared to local anesthesia alone.

Fact Check

- The study was conducted from February 2018 to August 2018.
- A sample size of 50 was calculated using G power 3.1.9.2 software, but 100 patients were included in the research.
- Mean age of participants was 23.80±2.80 years.

Mind Map