DefinePK

Research Objective

To evaluate the efficacy of intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide (TA) injection and incision and curettage (I&C) and their complications in chalazia.

Methodology

Quasi-experimental study conducted at Combined Military Hospital Multan Pakistan from May to November 2019. 80 patients with primary chalazion (size ≥ 2mm, duration ≥ 1 month, not resolving with conservative treatment) were divided into two groups: Group-A received intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide injection, and Group-B underwent incision and curettage. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26, with Chi-square test and independent sample t-test applied.

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD
    A["Patient Selection Chalazion"] --> B["Informed Consent & Ethics Approval"];
    B --> C["Divide into Two Groups"];
    C --> D["Group A: TA Injection"];
    C --> E["Group B: Incision & Curettage"];
    D --> F["Administer TA Injection"];
    E --> G["Perform I&C"];
    F --> H["Follow-up"2 weeks""];
    G --> H;
    H --> I["Assess Resolution & Complications"];
    I --> J["Repetition of Procedure if Needed"];
    J --> H;
    I --> K["Data Analysis"];
    K --> L["Conclusion"];                    

Discussion

Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide injection is a safe procedure with fewer complications, offering an alternative for patients with poor compliance to conservative management, with a comparable success rate to surgical intervention. Females were more affected than males, and lesions were more common in the upper lid, possibly due to hormonal changes and gland location. While incision and curettage showed a slightly higher resolution rate at two weeks, repeated treatments led to comparable results. The resolution time was longer for TA injections, likely due to the complete removal of the lesion in I&C. TA injections have the advantage of not requiring additional anesthesia, having prolonged anti-inflammatory effects, and avoiding bleeding and scarring.

Key Findings

- The overall frequency of lesions in the upper lid (66%) was higher than in the lower lid (34%) (p=0.004).
- Complete resolution of lesions after repetition of the procedure was almost the same in both groups.
- Resolution duration was longer in the Triamcinolone Acetonide group compared to the incision and curettage group.
- Complications were more frequent in the surgical group (15%) than in the Triamcinolone Acetonide group (28%).

Conclusion

Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide injection is a safe procedure with fewer complications and an almost equal success rate compared to incision and curettage for chalazia, making it a viable alternative for patients with poor compliance to conservative management.

Fact Check

- Study duration: May to November 2019. (Confirmed in text)
- Sample size: 80 patients. (Confirmed in text)
- Upper lid lesion frequency: 53 (66%). (Confirmed in text)

Mind Map