DefinePK

Research Objective

To determine the hypomagnesemia frequency in pre-renal acute kidney injury (AKI) patients with non-recovery of renal functions.

Methodology

Cross-sectional study conducted at Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Holy Makkah, Saudi Arabia, from July 2014 to January 2015. 150 AKI patients (age 18-65 years) with non-recovery of renal functions at 72 hours despite treatment were enrolled. Patients with renal or post-renal azotemia, and diabetes were excluded. Serum magnesium levels were measured, with <0.70 mmol/L (<1.7 mg/dL) defined as hypomagnesemia. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0, with quantitative variables summarized as mean ± SD and categorical variables as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test was used for association, with p<0.05 considered significant.

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD;
    A["Enroll 150 AKI Patients age 18-65, non-recovery"] --> B["Exclude patients with renal/post-renal azotemia or diabetes"];
    B --> C["Measure Serum Magnesium Levels"];
    C --> D["Define Hypomagnesemia"<0.70 mmol/L""];
    D --> E["Collect Demographic and Clinical Data Age, Gender, Hypertension, Obesity"];
    E --> F["Analyze Data using SPSS v23.0"];
    F --> G["Apply Chi-square test for associations"];
    G --> H["Determine Hypomagnesemia Frequency and Associations"];
    H --> I["Formulate Conclusion and Recommendations"];                    

Discussion

The study highlights a high rate of hypomagnesemia in pre-renal AKI patients with non-recovery of renal functions. While no statistically significant associations were found with age, gender, hypertension, or obesity in this cohort, the overall prevalence suggests that hypomagnesemia is a common issue in this patient group. The authors suggest that screening AKI patients for magnesium levels is warranted.

Key Findings

Hypomagnesemia was present in 25.3% of the 150 AKI patients. The mean age of patients was 51.46 ± 13.61 years, with 31% males and 69% females. Hypertension was present in 38.7% and obesity in 25.3% of patients. Statistically insignificant differences were found between hypomagnesemia and age (p=0.086), gender (p=0.970), hypertension (p=0.789), and obesity (p=0.059).

Conclusion

The rate of hypomagnesemia is high in patients with acute kidney injury who do not recover renal functions. Therefore, patients with non-recovery should be screened for magnesium levels in future acute kidney injury cases.

Fact Check

- Study duration: July 2014 to January 2015. (Confirmed)
- Number of patients enrolled: 150. (Confirmed)
- Definition of hypomagnesemia: Serum magnesium level <0.70 mmol/L (<1.7 mg/dL). (Confirmed)
- Hypomagnesemia prevalence: 25.3%. (Confirmed)

Mind Map