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Abstract

Objective: To study the frequency and spectrum (echocardiographic picture) ofcongenital venticular septal defect (VSD) among patients attending PaediatricCardiology Department for suspected congenital heart disease (CHD).Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted in Pediatric CardiologyDepartment Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, from 01 September 2012 to 31August 2013. All patient with suspected CHD was subjected to transthoracicechocardiographic examination. The frequency and spectrum of VSD wasdetermine in these patients.Results: A total of 2342 patients with suspected CHD were studied. Among them708(30.2%) were having isolated congenital VSD. Males were 433(61%) andfemales were 275(39%). Mean age was 42.32±40.64 months (range: 1 day to30 years). Patients below 2 years were 54%. Out of this 708 patients,447(63.1%) were of perimembranous type,169(23.86%) were having muscularVSD, 48(6.78%) were Doubly committed subarterial type, and 44(6.21%) werehaving multiple VSDs. Two hundred and thirty-three (32.9%) of total VSD patientswere have already developed complications including severe pulmonary arteryhypertension(PAH) in 157(22.17%) patients, aortic cusp prolapse in 50(7.06%)cases including 30(6.86%) with perimembranous and 20(41.6%) with doublycommitted subarterial type of VSD, AR in 40(5.64%) of Aortic cusp prolapse,Acquired right and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in 10(1.4%) and05(0.70%) respectively, 04(0.56%) patients had Echo evidence of infectiveendocarditis and 2 had already developed Eisenmenger syndrome with severePAH.Conclusion: VSD account for about 30% of the congenital cardiac defects. Aboutone third of them had already developed complications at the time of diagnosis.