DefinePK

The Business & Economic Review (B&ER), ISSN 2519-1233 (Online), ISSN 2074-1693 (Print), is a semi-annual publication of the Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan. B&ER is recognized by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan in the 'Y' category. Aims & Scope The journal aims to provide a focus for worldwide expertise in the necessary techniques, practices, and areas of research. It also aims to present a forum for readers to share common experiences across a wide range of industries and sectors where business and economic research is conducted. The B&ER is devoted to the publication of papers that advance knowledge of the practical and theoretical aspects of management, economics, and social sciences. B&ER welcomes empirical, conceptual, and review papers with strong methodologies from these disciplines. The journal welcomes papers in the areas of: Business management and strategy Economic theory and policy Finance and banking Marketing and consumer behavior Organizational behavior and human resources Editorial Standards The journal is committed to maintaining the highest editorial standards, ensuring that all published research is original, rigorous, and contributes meaningfully to the field. Each manuscript undergoes a thorough peer-review process, with feedback provided by experts in the relevant areas of study. Audience and Distribution The journal is widely distributed to academic institutions, libraries, and individual subscribers, both within Pakistan and internationally. By providing open access to its online content, the Business & Economic Review (B&ER) ensures that its research is accessible to a global audience, fostering the exchange of knowledge across borders.