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Soc-211- Elements of Sociology - Introduction to Sociology Lectures in URDU Hindi - Lecture 5Join our Telegram Group for Fast updates and VU Short Lectures https://t.me/joinchat/TFLF2vbjfq5qs4Ww SOC 211 Introduction to Sociology Online Video Lecture 4, What is Culture and Characteristics | Margaret and Taylor Chapter 2 | Theories & Framework #Sociology #PunjabUniversity
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Sociology is the study of human behavior in society. Sociologists are interested in the study of people and have learned a fundamental lesson: All human behavior occurs in a societal context.
That context— physical and social setting in which people live or in which something happens or develops. In this Subject, we will examine the dimensions of society and analyze the elements of social context that influence human behavior.
Culture is multidimensional, consisting of both material and nonmaterial things, some parts of culture being abstract, others more concrete.
Material and non-material
The different elements of culture include language, norms, beliefs, and values
Language is a set of symbols and rules that, combined in a meaningful way, provides a communication system. The formation of culture among humans is made possible by language.
Norms are the specific cultural expectations for how to behave in a given situation. Society without norms would be chaos (افراتفری); with norms in place, people know how to act, and social interactions are consistent, predictable, and learnable.
Folkways are the general standards of behavior followed to by a group. You might think of folkways as the ordinary customs of different group cultures. How you dress, the ways that people greet each other, decorate their homes, and prepare their food.
Mores (pronounced “more-ays”) are strict norms that control moral and ethical behavior. Mores provide strict codes of behavior, such as the bans, legal and religious, against smoking, killing etc. Mores are often upheld through rules or laws. For example smoking in public place, use of mobile in college etc.
Beliefs are shared ideas held collectively by people within a given culture about what is true. Shared beliefs are part of what binds people together in society.
Values are the abstract standards in a society or group that define ideal principles(اصول). Values define what is desirable and morally correct; thus, values determine what is considered
right and wrong,
beautiful and ugly,
good and bad
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