DefinePK

Description

Frozen Shoulder
Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by stiffness, limited mobility, and pain in the shoulder joint.

Causes:
1. Injury or trauma
2. Autoimmune disorders (e.g., diabetes, thyroiditis)
3. Inflammatory conditions (e.g., arthritis)
4. Surgery or immobilization
5. Hormonal changes (e.g., menopause)
6. Age (peak incidence: 40-60 years)

Symptoms:
1. Gradual onset of pain and stiffness
2. Limited active and passive shoulder mobility
3. Painful and restricted movements (e.g., lifting, rotating)
4. Difficulty with daily activities (e.g., dressing, grooming)
5. Pain at night, disrupting sleep

Stages:
1. Freezing (2-9 months): Pain and stiffness gradually increase.
2. Frozen (4-12 months): Shoulder becomes increasingly stiff.
3. Thawing (5-24 months): Mobility improves, pain decreases.

TREATMENT
Conservative:
1. Physical therapy (PT)
2. Pain management (e.g., analgesics, corticosteroids)
3. Anti-inflammatory medications
4. Home exercises and stretching
5. Heat or cold therapy

Surgical:
1. Arthroscopic release
2. Manipulation under anesthesia
3. Shoulder arthroplasty (in severe cases)

Alternative Therapies:
1. Acupuncture
2. Massage therapy
3. Chiropractic care
4. Yoga and Pilates

Home Remedies:
1. Pendulum exercises
2. Wall slides
3. Arm circles
4. Heat or cold packs
5. Over-the-counter pain relievers

Prevention;
1. Maintain shoulder mobility
2. Stretch regularly
3. Strengthen surrounding muscles
4. Avoid prolonged immobilization

When to Seek Medical Attention:
1. Sudden severe pain
2. Limited mobility
3. Difficulty moving arm
4. Numbness or tingling
5. No improvement with treatment