DefinePK

Abstract

Management of Ureteric Stones (A Study of 200 Cases). Ahmad, M, Nawaz, M., Khan, F.A. Pak.J Med. Res., 1992;31:18-21.
A series of 200 consecutive patients with radio-opa­que ureteric Stones seen in the urology department of Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore were included in the study. A detailed history was recorded and all cases examined physically. Routine urine analysis, renal profile, plain x-ray abdomen and pelvis were done in all patients while intravenous urography in a selected few. Renal ultrasonography was performed on all patients. Conservative treatment with diclofenac sodium tablets 100mg twice daily for two weeks was given to cases with stones less than 0.5 cm size. Ureteroscopy was done in cases with larger stones. There were 149 males and 51 females with ages between 15 and 72 years having the peak incidence between 20 and 49 years. The duration of symptoms varied from one day to 8 years. Most patients (65%) attended the hospital within one month of the onset of symptoms. Burning micturition was complained by 25 cases, gross haematuria by 27, retention of urine by one and fever by one individual. A history of passing a stone per urethra was given by 16 subjects and 14 had a family history of stones. The renal profile was normal in all cases and microscopic haematuria was positive in 30 patients. Right ureteric calculus was found in 97 cases, 100 had it in the left ureter and 3 had bilateral ureteric calculi. Mild to moderate hydronephrosis was detected by ultrasonography in 79 patients whereas one had severe degree of hydronephrosis. Conservative therapy was instituted in 172 patients of which 72 did not return for a follow-up. Of the remaining 100 subjects, 54 passed the stone and in 19 the stone moved to the lower ureter. Ureteroscopic removal of the stone was successful in 19 cases, of the 26 subjected to it. Primary uretrlighol­ogy was performed in one patient and nephrectomy in one due to a non-functional kidney. The stone passage rate of 54 percent with conserva­tive treatment achieved at 4 weeks of therapy in the presented series is encouraging. The advent of ureteros­copy is again a progress, as stone retrieval is done under vision. The high success rate with low incidence of complications (two ureteric perforations managed con­servatively by double J stent) makes it a safe and effective procedure.
Relationship between Platelet Adhesiveness and Essential Hypertension. Butt, I.F., Khan, S.J. Pak.J.Pathol., 1991;2:33-35.
Platelet dysfunction has been documented in hy­pertension. Increased platelet adhesiveness has also been noted in these subjects. The presented study was conducted on 49 cases with essential hypertension and 24 normotensive controls. The ages ranged between 20 and 60 years having systolic BP 160 mmHg or more and diastolic BP of 95 mmHg or more. Routine laboratory tests were carried out and all subjects were asked to refrain from drugs for 10 days prior to the platelet test. The blood pressure was measured by a mercury sphyg­momanometer in sitting and supine position. The platelet adhesiveness was determined by the Borchgrevink method. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed a significant difference between the study and control groups (P