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Title: 11. Impact of humic acid with organic and inorganic nitrogen sources on growth and yield traits of maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Jihad Ali, Yousaf Jamal, Muhammad Ismaeel, Mushtaq Ali, Mehwish Dalil, Muhammad Babar
Journal: Pure and Applied Biology (PAB)
Publisher: Bolan Society for Pure and Applied Biology
Country: Pakistan
Year: 2023
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Language: English
Overreliance on commercial fertilizers for crop production has caused various ecological hazards related to global warming, climate change, soil degradation and pollution. A field trial was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during kharif 2019, to investigate the impact of humic acid and organic and inorganic nitrogen sources on maize crop. Maize variety Jalal was sown in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) having split plot arrangement. The trial was replicated three times. Two levels of humic acid (H0 = control and H1=20 kgha-1) were allotted to main plots while various N sources (control, FYM, Poultry manure, compost and urea) to subplots. Humic acid, organic manures and basal dose of P2O5 and K2O were applied at sowing time while N was applied in two splits. Results showed that humic acid application significantly increased days to tasseling (53.80), silking (58.66), maturity (98.66), leaf area (526.86 cm2), plant height (209.13 cm), cob length (17.18 cm), grains cob-1 (398.87), 1000-grains weight (328.80 g), biological yield (12725 kg ha-1), grain yield (4616.7 kg ha-1) and harvest index (36.17 %) over control. In case of N sources, late tasseling (55.66) days, silking (60.33) days, maturity (98.66) days, highest leaf area (555.44 cm2) and plant height (213.50 cm) were observed in case of Poultry manure treatment. Whereas, maximum cob length (18.30 cm), grains cob-1 (431.33), 1000-grains weight (344.17 g), biological yield (13671 kg ha-1), grain yield (5169.7 kg ha-1) and harvest index (37.77 %) were recorded in plots receiving N from compost. Hence, the results concluded that compost and poultry manure as N sources with integration of humic acid were found most suitable for maximum values of growth and yield attributes, particularly grain yield (5169.7 kg ha-1).
Keywords: Humic acid; Maize; Nitrogen; Organic manures: Yield
http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2023.120012
To investigate the impact of humic acid and organic and inorganic nitrogen sources on the growth and yield traits of maize.
A field trial was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with a split-plot arrangement. Two levels of humic acid (0 and 20 kg/ha) were applied to main plots, and various nitrogen sources (control, FYM, poultry manure, compost, and urea) were applied to subplots. Measurements included days to emergence, tasseling, silking, maturity, plant height, leaf area, cob length, grains per cob, 1000-grain weight, biological yield, grain yield, and harvest index.
graph TD
A[Experimental Design RCBD, Split Plot] --> B[Humic Acid Application];
B --> C[Nitrogen Source Application];
C --> D[Data CollectionGrowth & Yield Parameters];
D --> E[Statistical Analysis];
E --> F[Conclusion];
The study suggests that compost and poultry manure, when integrated with humic acid, are suitable for maximizing growth and yield attributes of maize, particularly grain yield. Humic acid improves soil conditions and nutrient availability, while organic manures provide a slow and continuous supply of nutrients.
Humic acid application significantly increased days to tasseling, silking, and maturity, as well as leaf area, plant height, cob length, grains per cob, 1000-grain weight, biological yield, grain yield, and harvest index. Poultry manure resulted in late tasseling and silking, and the highest leaf area and plant height. Compost resulted in maximum cob length, grains per cob, 1000-grain weight, biological yield, grain yield, and harvest index.
The study concludes that the application of poultry manure and compost as nitrogen sources, combined with humic acid, significantly influences the growth and yield attributes of maize. The integration of humic acid with organic manures is recommended for achieving higher maize yields.
1. The experiment was conducted during Kharif 2019 at the Agricultural Research Station, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. (Confirmed by text)
2. Humic acid was applied at two levels: 0 kg/ha (control) and 20 kg/ha. (Confirmed by text)
3. The maize variety used in the experiment was Jalal. (Confirmed by text)
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