Development of Educational Managers’ Readiness Scale for Chat-GPT

Article Information

Title: Development of Educational Managers’ Readiness Scale for Chat-GPT

Authors: Sadaf Suhail Zaidi, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal, Hammad Ahmad, Muhammad Sarmad Atiq

Journal: Social Science Review Archives

HEC Recognition History

Category	From	To
Y	2024-10-01	2025-12-31

Publisher: Divine Knowledge Institute

Country: Pakistan

Year: 2024

Volume: 2

Issue: 2

Language: English

DOI: 10.70670/sra.v2i2.206

Abstract

This study evaluates educational managers' readiness for ChatGPT adoption using the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) 2.0 model, focusing on optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, and insecurities. A 23-item readiness tool, designed on a 6-point semantic differential scale (low to high), achieved an excellent S-CVI value of 0.94 and high reliability (α = 0.790). Optimism and innovativeness reflect positive attitudes and openness toward AI, while discomfort and insecurities highlight barriers such as ethical concerns and uncertainties. The study underscores the need for training, ethical frameworks, and resources to build confidence and address challenges, offering a comprehensive framework for AI integration in higher education.

Disclaimer: The following sections are produced through an intensive multi-stage analytical pipeline developed by DefinePK, utilizing advanced natural-language processing, domain-specific knowledge models, and automated cross-referencing systems. Despite the rigor and computational effort involved, the generated summary may still contain inaccuracies or incomplete interpretations. Users are strongly advised to verify all critical information against the original paper and its authoritative sources.

Research Objective

To develop and validate a scale measuring educational managers' readiness for adopting ChatGPT.

Methodology

The study employed a quantitative research design to develop and validate the Educational Managers' Readiness Scale for ChatGPT. The scale was based on the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) 2.0 model, encompassing four constructs: optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, and insecurities. Initially, 57 items were created and assessed for content validity by three subject-matter experts. The scale was then reduced to 23 items. This final 23-item scale was administered to a sample of 21 deans and 89 heads of social sciences faculty from private and public sector institutions in Lahore, Pakistan. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha.

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD;
    A["Conceptualize Scale based on TRI 2.0"] --> B["Develop Initial 57 Items"];
    B --> C["Expert Content Validation"];
    C --> D["Reduce to 23 Items"];
    D --> E["Pilot Test on Sample"];
    E --> F["Assess Reliability"Cronbach's Alpha""];
    F --> G["Finalize Educational Managers' Readiness Scale for ChatGPT"];

Discussion

The development and validation of this scale provide a crucial tool for assessing educational managers' preparedness to integrate AI technologies like ChatGPT. The scale's strong psychometric properties (content validity and reliability) suggest its applicability in educational settings. The four dimensions (optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, and insecurities) capture essential psychological and organizational factors influencing technology adoption. The scale can serve as a diagnostic tool for institutions to identify areas for targeted interventions and inform professional development programs for educational managers. Limitations include the pilot study's geographical scope and sample size, suggesting the need for broader validation.

Key Findings

The developed Educational Managers' Readiness Scale for ChatGPT consists of 23 items. The scale demonstrated excellent content validity with an S-CVI of 0.94. The overall reliability of the scale was found to be good, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.790. Individual sub-constructs also showed acceptable to good reliability, with Cronbach's alpha values ranging from 0.759 to 0.819.

Conclusion

The Educational Managers' Readiness for ChatGPT scale is a robust and reliable instrument for measuring the preparedness of educational managers to adopt AI technologies. Its application can guide institutions in fostering a more conducive environment for AI integration in education, ultimately supporting smoother digital transformation.

Fact Check

1. Scale Items: The initial scale had 57 items, which was reduced to a final 23-item scale after content validation.
2. Content Validity: The scale achieved an S-CVI (Scale Content Validity Index) of 0.94, indicating high content validity.
3. Reliability: The overall Cronbach's alpha for the final 23-item scale was 0.790, indicating good internal consistency.

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