DefinePK

Abstract

The current study aims to investigate the relationship between heavy smokers' socialadjustment, life satisfaction, and mental health, as well as their gender andsocioeconomic status. In this study, correlational and comparative group designs wereused to test the hypotheses. A sample of 120 chain smokers by using a convenientsampling technique was taken from the city of Faisalabad, Pakistan. The participantswere divided into two groups: male and female smokers. The social adjustment scale(SAS; Cooper, Osborn, and Gath, 1977), the life satisfaction scale (Mehmood, 2013), andthe General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ) (Goldberg,1978) were used. Theseanalyses were validated by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24(SPSS-24). The study revealed a significant relationship between social adjustment, lifesatisfaction, and mental health among heavy smokers. Similarly, the independentsample t-test revealed a significant mean difference in social adjustment, lifesatisfaction, and mental health between male and female chain smokers. It has alsoresulted that there is a significant mean difference between higher and lower socioeconomic heavy smokers on study variables. Findings have theoretical and managerialimplications, as well as new research directions for scholars.