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Title: The hyperglycemic and dyslipidemic effects of L-arginine in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Novera Sohail Bajwa, Muhammad Waqar Aslam Khan, Noaman Ishaq, Qurat ul Ain Haider, Sumetha Yaseen, Ayman Zafar
Journal: Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University (JFJMU)
Publisher: Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore
Country: Pakistan
Year: 2022
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Language: English
DOI: 10.37018/NSBM.0901
Keywords: Diabetes mellitusDyslipidemiaStreptozotocinHyperglycemiaL-Arginine
Background: Diabetes is a serious disease which is posing a great risk to the overall health care all around the globe. Major factor in its systemic adverse effects is the enhancement of lipolysis by prolonged hyperglycaemia ultimately leading to dyslipidemia. This dyslipidemia is a big risk feature for all cardiovascular diseases related to most of the diabetic patients. L arginine blessed with antioxidant properties can play a substantial role in the prevention, and management of diabetes and related complications. The study was aimed at finding the novel uses of L-Arginine in diabetes.
Subject and method: 15 adult Sprague Dawley rats , only female (to avoid pregnancy) weighing 250+ 50 g were used in this study which were divided equally (five rats each) into three groups randomly after ensuring that their lipid profiles and blood sugar were normal. After keeping one group as Normal Control Group (NC), the remaining two groups were made quasi-analogue Type II diabetic model through administration of Streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) in a single dose intra-peritoneal (IP). After lapse of 48 hours, all the rats of two groups had shown blood sugar levels over 300 mg/dl and therefore were taken as diabetic. One of the two diabetic groups was taken as “Positive Control” with DM rats (DM), while the other was taken as treatment group DM+L-ARG Group”. 
Results: With regards to fasting blood sugar (BSF), total cholesterol (T-Chol), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL), Group III (DM+L-ARG) showed significant improvement with the p-value of less than 0.001.
Conclusion: After conducting this experimental animal work, we are able to conclude that in Streptozotocin induced diabetic model, the novel use of antioxidant L-Arginine with good safety profile and minimal adverse effects also has significant anti-hyperglycemic and anti-lipidemic activity.
To investigate the anti-hyperglycemic and anti-lipidemic effects of L-arginine in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model.
A laboratory-based randomized controlled trial using 15 adult female Sprague Dawley rats (250±50 g). Rats were divided into three groups: Normal Control (NC), Diabetic Control (DM), and Diabetic + L-Arginine (DM+L-ARG). Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin (35 mg/kg, IP). The DM+L-ARG group received L-arginine (200 mg/kg/day) orally for four weeks. Blood sugar and lipid profiles were measured before and after treatment. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 25, with paired sample t-test and One-Way ANOVA.
graph TD;
A["Select 15 Female Sprague Dawley Rats"] --> B["Divide into 3 groups: NC, DM, DM+L-ARG"];
B --> C["Induce Diabetes with Streptozotocin"35 mg/kg, IP""];
C --> D["Wait 48 hours, confirm hyperglycemia">300 mg/dl""];
D --> E["Administer L-arginine 200 mg/kg/day to DM+L-ARG group for 4 weeks"];
D --> F["Administer standard diet and water to NC and DM groups"];
E --> G["Collect blood samples after 4 weeks"];
F --> G;
G --> H["Analyze Fasting Blood Sugar and Lipid Profile"];
H --> I["Statistical Analysis using SPSS"];
I --> J["Draw Conclusions"];
The study suggests that L-arginine, an antioxidant, possesses significant anti-hyperglycemic and anti-lipidemic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. This is attributed to its potential to reduce oxidative stress and improve glucose homeostasis, consistent with other studies on antioxidants in diabetes management.
The L-arginine treated group (DM+L-ARG) showed significant improvement (p < 0.001) in fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL levels compared to the diabetic control group.
L-arginine demonstrates significant anti-hyperglycemic and anti-lipidemic activity with a good safety profile and minimal adverse effects in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model.
1. Diabetes Induction: Streptozotocin was administered at a dose of 35 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection to induce diabetes.
2. Treatment Duration: The L-arginine treatment lasted for four weeks.
3. Statistical Significance: Improvements in blood sugar and lipid profiles in the L-arginine group were statistically significant with a p-value of less than 0.001.
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