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Title: Predictors of Relapse and Survival in Testicular Germ cell Tumors in Children
Authors: sajid ali, Tariq Latif, muhammad ali, shazia perveen, muhammad bilal shafiq, muhammad abu bakr
Journal: Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College (JIMDC)
Publisher: Healers Educational Society
Country: Pakistan
Year: 2023
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Language: English
Keywords: ChemotherapyChildrenOutcomeRelapseTesticular Tumor
Background: Testicular germ cell tumors are common solid organ malignancies in children with a survival rate of more than 90 %. This study aims to assess the predictors of relapse and survival in testicular germ cell tumors in children.
Methodology: A retrospective review was conducted on children up to the age of 18-years from January 2010 to December 2020 with a diagnosis of primary testicular germ cell tumors. Factors related to relapse and survival like age, baseline levels of tumor markers in serum and on relapse, stage at diagnosis, histological type, tumor laterality & size of the tumor in testicular germ cell tumors were analyzed. The data was entered into SPSS version 20. Statistical significance was set at a p-value ≤0.05.
Results: A total of 115 patients with a mean age of 5.42+ 1.54 years having testicular germ cell tumor were treated. Seventeen patients (14.7 %) had relapse of disease. Relapse was highest in patients with stage I disease (64.7 %). Yolk sac tumor was the most common pathology that was noted in twelve (70 %) patients. The most common site of relapse was the retroperitoneum (70 %). Age of patient, stage of disease, and lymphovascular invasion were significant predictors of relapse and survival in testicular germ cell tumors.
Conclusion: Management of patients with testicular germ cell tumors requires standardized follow-up protocol for early detection and treatment of disease relapse. Complete surgical excision with meticulous control of the residual disease is critical to prevent disease relapse.
Keywords: Chemotherapy, Children, Outcome, Relapse, Testicular Tumor
 
 
To assess the predictors of relapse and survival in testicular germ cell tumors in children.
Retrospective review of male patients up to 18 years old diagnosed with primary testicular germ cell tumors from January 2010 to December 2020. Factors analyzed included age, baseline and relapse tumor markers, stage at diagnosis, histological type, tumor laterality, and size. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.
graph TD
A["Data Collection: Retrospective Review of Patient Records"] --> B["Data Extraction: Age, Tumor Markers, Stage, Histology, Laterality, Size"]
B --> C["Data Analysis: SPSS v.20"]
C --> D["Statistical Significance Testing p < 0.05"]
D --> E["Identification of Predictors of Relapse and Survival"]
E --> F["Reporting of Key Findings and Conclusions"]
Testicular germ cell tumors are common in children and adolescents, with high cure rates. However, relapse is a significant concern. This study identified age, stage, and lymphovascular invasion as key predictors of relapse and survival. The retroperitoneum was the most frequent site of relapse. The findings emphasize the need for standardized follow-up protocols for early detection and treatment of relapse.
- A total of 115 patients were treated.
- Seventeen patients (14.7%) experienced relapse.
- Relapse was highest in patients with stage I disease (64.7%).
- Yolk sac tumor was the most common pathology (70% of relapsed patients).
- The most common site of relapse was the retroperitoneum (70% of relapsed patients).
- Age of patient, stage of disease, and lymphovascular invasion were significant predictors of relapse and survival.
Management of patients with testicular germ cell tumors requires a multidisciplinary approach and standardized follow-up protocols for early detection and treatment of relapse. Complete surgical excision with meticulous control of residual disease is critical to prevent relapse.
- A total of 115 patients were included in the study.
- Seventeen patients (14.7%) experienced disease relapse.
- Yolk sac tumor was the most common pathology in relapsed patients, noted in twelve (70%) of them.
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