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Title: Examining the Challenges of Sports Tourism in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Muhammad Shakeel, Fahad Nadeem, Sajjad Ali Gill, Rashna Sehar
Journal: Human Nature Journal of Social Sciences (HNJSS)
Publisher: Human Nature Research Publisher
Country: Pakistan
Year: 2024
Volume: 5
Issue: 3
Language: English
Keywords: Sports participationSports TourismTourism ChallengesOrganizational ChallengesEnvironmental Challenges and Social Challenges
Aim of the Study: Prime objective of current research was to examining the challenges of sports tourism in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Methodology: The population of this particular study was comprised of all the sport organizers of tourism authorities (The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Cultural & Tourism Authority (K.P.C.T.A), Galiyat Development Authority (G.D.A) and Kaghan Development Authority (K.D.A) in K.P.K, Pakistan. A total 75 subjects were taken as population, it was very limited and easily approachable, and census method was used for data collection. The investigator used descriptive research design with the cross-sectional survey approach for data collection. The investigator utilized a self-made close-ended on 4-point Likert scale for the purpose of data collection. The pilot testing was done for the purpose to examine the existing draw backs and errors in the initial draft of research instrument. For the content validity purpose, the initial version of the instrument was sent to the five experts of the field. Cronbach’s alpha method was used for checking the research tool’s reliability and its value was 0.76. The response rate was recorded as 92.30%. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (Frequencies, percentages and mean) were used to analyze and tabulate the collected information.
Findings: The results showed that sports tourism challenges such as organizational challenges, environmental challenges and social challenges are a major concern for sports tourism in the surveyed area which is the main cause of downfall of sports tourism. Additionally, the study identifies the importance of addressing social and cultural barriers to promote greater participation, particularly among female athletes.
Conclusion: So, the study recommended that sports tourism department of Pakistan may improve the infrastructures (accommodation, transportation, and equipment). This will lead to enhance sports tourism in Pakistan.
To examine the challenges of sports tourism in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Descriptive research design with a cross-sectional survey approach. The population comprised 75 sport organizers from tourism authorities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A census method was used for data collection. A self-made, close-ended questionnaire on a 4-point Likert scale was utilized. Pilot testing was conducted, and content validity was ensured by five experts. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (0.76). Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, and mean).
graph TD
A["Define Research Objective"] --> B["Identify Population: Sport Organizers in KPCTA, GDA, KDA"];
B --> C["Determine Sample Size: 75"];
C --> D["Select Methodology: Descriptive Research Design, Cross-sectional Survey"];
D --> E["Develop Instrument: Self-made, close-ended questionnaire on 4-point Likert scale"];
E --> F["Pilot Testing"];
F --> G["Content Validity: Expert Review"];
G --> H["Reliability Check: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.76"];
H --> I["Data Collection: Census Method"];
I --> J["Data Analysis: SPSS-26, Descriptive Statistics - Frequencies, Percentages, Mean"];
J --> K["Interpret Findings"];
K --> L["Draw Conclusions and Recommendations"];
The study highlights that despite the potential for sports tourism in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa due to its natural beauty and diverse sports, several challenges hinder its development. These include inadequate infrastructure, lack of funding, insufficient professionals, poor security, and negative media portrayal. Environmental factors like heavy snowfall and severe weather also pose accessibility issues. Social challenges, such as cultural norms and gender discrimination, limit participation. Organizational issues like lack of strategic planning and digital technology awareness are also prominent.
Sports tourism in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa faces significant challenges, including organizational, environmental, and social barriers, which contribute to its decline. Addressing social and cultural barriers is crucial for promoting greater participation, especially among female athletes.
Sports tourism in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa faces multifaceted challenges that require improvement in infrastructure, increased funding, enhanced security, better training for professionals, and a focus on addressing social and cultural barriers. Implementing these recommendations can foster the growth of sports tourism in the region.
1. The study used a census method for data collection from a population of 75 sport organizers.
2. Cronbach's alpha for the research tool's reliability was reported as 0.76.
3. The response rate recorded was 92.30% in the abstract, but 90.90% in the Materials and Methods section.
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