DefinePK

Research Objective

To examine the association between gender role attitudes and emotional intelligence of married individuals, and to assess the moderating roles of work status and gender in this relationship.

Methodology

Correlational and cross-sectional research design. A sample of 500 married individuals (working men, working women, and housewives) was selected using purposive and convenient sampling. Data was collected using the Self-Report Measure of Emotional Intelligence (SRMEI) and the Gender Role Attitudes Scale (GRAS). Reliability of the scales was assessed using alpha coefficients. Correlation and moderation analyses were conducted.

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD
    A["Sample Selection N=500 Married Individuals"] --> B["Data Collection using SRMEI & GRAS"];
    B --> C["Data Analysis"];
    C --> D["Correlation Analysis"];
    C --> E["Moderation Analysis"];
    D --> F["Relationship between EI and Gender Role Attitudes"];
    E --> G["Moderating effects of Gender and Work Status"];
    F & G --> H["Findings and Conclusions"];                    

Discussion

The study found a positive association between emotional intelligence and egalitarian gender role attitudes, supporting the first hypothesis. The moderating role of gender indicated that women tend to have higher emotional intelligence and more modern gender role attitudes than men. The moderation by work status revealed that housewives and married working women showed a stronger positive relationship between emotional intelligence and gender role attitudes compared to married working men, suggesting that traditional societal structures may influence these dynamics. The findings are discussed in the context of Pakistan's socio-cultural environment.

Key Findings

1. Emotional intelligence, including its sub-facets (emotional self-regulation, emotional self-awareness, and interpersonal skills), was positively correlated with gender role attitudes.
2. Gender significantly moderated the relationship between emotional intelligence and gender role attitudes, with women exhibiting a stronger positive association.
3. Work status significantly moderated the relationship between emotional intelligence and gender role attitudes, with the effect being stronger for housewives than for married working women, and non-significant for married working men.
4. The interaction effects of emotional self-awareness and emotional self-regulation with work status were stronger for housewives and married working women than for married working men.
5. The interactional effect of interpersonal skills with gender and work status was non-significant.

Conclusion

Emotional intelligence skills, particularly emotional self-awareness and self-regulation, are pivotal in increasing egalitarian gender role attitudes among married individuals, especially housewives. Married women, including both housewives and working women, demonstrated a more positive relationship between emotional intelligence and gender role attitudes compared to men, potentially reflecting more traditional gender role attitudes among men in Pakistani society.

Fact Check

1. Sample Size: The study included a sample of 500 married individuals. (Confirmed in "Sample" section).
2. Publication Date: The journal issue is dated June, 2023. (Confirmed in header).
3. Reliability of SRMEI: The SRMEI was reported as reliable with an alpha coefficient of .90 in previous research. (Confirmed in "Instruments" section).

Mind Map