An in-vitro evaluation of skin protection factor of non-polar date seed extract from three different date varieties Ajwa, Aseel and Khapra by UV spectrophotometry

Article Information

Title: An in-vitro evaluation of skin protection factor of non-polar date seed extract from three different date varieties Ajwa, Aseel and Khapra by UV spectrophotometry

Authors: Sana Mughal, Aisha Sana, Muhammad Azam, Safila Naveed, Halima Sadia, Shaheen Faizi

Journal: International Journal of Natural Medicine and Health Sciences

HEC Recognition History

Category	From	To
Y	2024-10-01	2025-12-31
Y	2022-07-01	2023-06-30

Publisher: Islamia University, Bahawalpur

Country: Pakistan

Year: 2023

Volume: 2

Issue: 2

Language: English

Abstract

Objective: Skin is the primary layer of human body which act as protective barrier against exogenous chemicals, UV radiations as well as microorganisms. Maintaining the skin morphology under regular environmental stresses and controlling age related skin changes is one of the biggest challenges for modern science, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry. These environmental stresses, such as excessive exposure to UV radiations, can even lead to the devastating skin disorders such as skin cancer. Dates seed has capability to protect skin against the damages caused by solar radiations, which mostly appear in the forms of wrinkles and some other skin related issues. Methods: Therefore, current research is focused on to analyze sun protection factor (SPF) of two non-polar fractions obtained from crushed seeds of three different varieties of i.e., Ajwa, Aseel and Khapra. Results: Results indicate that the highest value of SPF was found in AEA i.e., 15.061 at 200ppm while no difference was observed in the SPF values of KPPE. Conclusion: Hence, it could be concluded that the ethyl acetate fraction of all date seed varieties could be potential Ajwa, Aseel and Khapra could be a promising source of cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations due to the potential SPF value except petroleum ether of Khapra extract.

Disclaimer: The following sections are produced through an intensive multi-stage analytical pipeline developed by DefinePK, utilizing advanced natural-language processing, domain-specific knowledge models, and automated cross-referencing systems. Despite the rigor and computational effort involved, the generated summary may still contain inaccuracies or incomplete interpretations. Users are strongly advised to verify all critical information against the original paper and its authoritative sources.

Research Objective

To analyze the sun protection factor (SPF) of non-polar extracts from the seeds of three different date varieties (Ajwa, Aseel, and Khapra) for their potential use in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations.

Methodology

Seeds from Ajwa, Aseel, and Khapra date varieties were collected, dried, crushed, and subjected to sequential extraction with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. The resulting non-polar fractions were then analyzed for their Skin Protection Factor (SPF) using UV spectrophotometry by preparing three different dilutions (200ppm, 100ppm, and 50ppm) in chloroform and measuring absorbance at wavelengths ranging from 290nm to 320nm. Chloroform was used as a blank, and all fractions were run in triplicate.

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD;
    A[Collect Date Fruits Ajwa, Aseel, Khapra] --> B[Separate Seeds];
    B --> C[Dry and Crush Seeds];
    C --> D[Sequential ExtractionPetroleum Ether, Ethyl Acetate];
    D --> E[Obtain Non-polar Extracts];
    E --> F[Prepare Dilutions in Chloroform];
    F --> G[Measure Absorbance via UV Spectrophotometry];
    G --> H[Calculate SPF Values];
    H --> I[Analyze and Conclude Results];

Discussion

The study highlights the potential of date seed extracts as natural ingredients for sunscreens. The varying SPF values among different extracts and date varieties suggest that the composition of non-polar compounds influences their photoprotective capabilities. The AEA extract demonstrated the most promising potential for sunscreen products. The findings support the growing trend of using herbal cosmeceuticals and suggest that date seeds are a valuable source for developing such products.

Key Findings

The ethyl acetate extract of Ajwa date seed (AEA) exhibited the highest SPF value of 15.061 at 200ppm. The ethyl acetate extract of Khapra date seed (KPEA) and the petroleum ether extract of Ajwa date seed (APE) showed comparable SPF values of 14.315 and 14.006, respectively, at 200ppm. According to EC recommendations, AEA falls into the medium protection category (SPF-15). The petroleum ether extract of Khapra date seed (KPPE) showed the lowest SPF value (2.725) at 200ppm. All date seed extracts, except for KPPE, were deemed suitable for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications due to their potential SPF values.

Conclusion

Date seed extracts possess significant skin protection properties against UV exposure and can help prevent sunburn. The ethyl acetate extract of Ajwa date seed is particularly promising. Further research is recommended to fully explore the photoprotective nature of this medicinal plant.

Fact Check

1. The ethyl acetate extract of Ajwa date seed (AEA) had the highest SPF value of 15.061 at 200ppm. (Confirmed by Table 2)
2. The petroleum ether extract of Khapra date seed (KPPE) showed the lowest SPF value of 2.725 at 200ppm. (Confirmed by Table 2)
3. The study used UV spectrophotometry to evaluate the SPF of date seed extracts. (Confirmed in Methodology and Abstract)

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