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A Critical Review of Anti-Islamic Forces in Prophetﷺ Era


Article Information

Title: A Critical Review of Anti-Islamic Forces in Prophetﷺ Era

Authors: Aisha Sadaf

Journal: Ulum al-Sunnah

HEC Recognition History
Category From To
Y 2024-10-01 2025-12-31

Publisher: Islamia University, Bahawalpur

Country: Pakistan

Year: 2023

Volume: 1

Issue: 2

Language: English

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11275500

Keywords: Welfare StateAnti-Islamic ForcesKẖlāfẗ ʿlā Minhāǧ ālnbuwẗ

Categories

Abstract

The purpose of this research paper is to describe that the “Critical Review of Anti-Islamic Forces in Prophetﷺ Era: and its Impacts on the Modern Age”. One of the major requirements of the Prophet's duties is also the establishment of a welfare state. The completion of the political structure which had been completed in this regard in Medina has come before us in the form of the Righteous Caliphate. In short, the Caliphate which adheres to the principle of rule of the Holy Prophet in all religious and political matters is called "Kẖlāfẗ ʿlā Minhāǧ ālnbuwẗ ". However, the life of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and the Caliphate period is a clear proof of this, in which the temperament and lifestyle of the Holy Prophet were fully represented. However, when heﷺ laid the foundation of an Islamic state and a humane society full of divine laws, various anti-authoritarian and anti-Islamic forces whose power could be a threat to Islam rose from time to time and created problems for Islam and Muslims. The Prophetﷺ remedied them, which will be mentioned in detail in this article.


Research Objective

To describe the critical review of anti-Islamic forces during the Prophet's era and their impacts on the modern age.


Methodology

Historical analysis of events and textual interpretation of religious scriptures and historical accounts related to the Prophet's era.

Methodology Flowchart
                        graph TD
    A["Identify Anti-Islamic Forces"] --> B["Analyze their actions and conspiracies"];
    B --> C["Examine Prophet's responses and strategies"];
    C --> D["Evaluate the impact on the Islamic state"];
    D --> E["Draw conclusions on their legacy"];                    

Discussion

The paper argues that the establishment of an Islamic state and a humane society based on divine laws was met with resistance from established powers and ideologies. It details the specific challenges posed by different groups, such as the Jews' conspiracies and the hypocrites' internal sedition, and how the Prophet addressed them. The discussion emphasizes the Prophet's wisdom, strategy, and divine guidance in overcoming these obstacles, laying the foundation for future Islamic governance.


Key Findings

Various anti-Islamic forces, including polytheists, Jews, and hypocrites, posed significant challenges to the establishment and consolidation of the Islamic state. The Prophet Muhammad employed a combination of diplomatic, strategic, and, when necessary, military approaches to counter these forces. The text highlights the persistent nature of these oppositions and their impact on the early Islamic community and state.


Conclusion

The Prophet Muhammad successfully established and defended the nascent Islamic state against numerous internal and external threats. His approach, characterized by strategic patience, firm action when required, and adherence to divine principles, ensured the survival and growth of Islam. The legacy of these confrontations and the Prophet's methods continue to offer insights into statecraft and societal development.


Fact Check

1. The Battle of Badr was fought in 2 AH (Anno Hegirae).
2. The Charter of Medina, considered the world's first international written constitution, had thirty-four clauses.
3. The Battle of the Trench (Ghazwa-e-Khandaq) took place in 5 AH.


Mind Map

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