DefinePK

Research Objective

To analyze the contemporary trends of agroforestry in the deserts of Punjab province, Pakistan.

Methodology

A quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional survey research design was employed. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 120 respondents purposively selected from the sub-district Noor Pur Thal of district Khushab, using a validated and pre-tested questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive techniques on SPSS, including frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviation, and ranking.

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD
    A[Select District Khushab and Sub-district Noor Pur Thal] --> B[Identify 120 Respondents];
    B --> C[Develop and Pre-test Questionnaire];
    C --> D[Conduct Face-to-Face Interviews];
    D --> E[Collect Data];
    E --> F[Analyze Data using SPSS];
    F --> G[Interpret Results and Draw Conclusions];                    

Discussion

The study highlights the potential of agroforestry in Pakistan's desert areas, despite challenges such as low educational levels among farmers and competition for resources. The perceived profitability of certain tree species and their positive environmental impacts (soil erosion reduction, fertility improvement) suggest a promising future. However, the findings also indicate a need for targeted initiatives to promote agroforestry and enhance farmer awareness and adoption.

Key Findings

- Approximately half of the respondents had no formal education.
- Farash (Tamarix aphylla), Sufeda (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), and Sheesham (Dalbergia sissoo) were perceived as the most profitable and well-adjusted trees in desert areas.
- 32.5% of respondents agreed that trees reduced soil erosion, and 19.2% perceived an increase in soil fertility due to tree plantation.
- A significant concern (24.2%) was that trees compete with other crops for nutrients, especially in water-scarce areas.
- A strong positive association was found between age and education levels of farmers and their awareness regarding agroforestry.

Conclusion

Agroforestry presents a valuable opportunity to increase farmers' income and contribute to environmental conservation and climate change mitigation in desert regions of Punjab, Pakistan. Enhanced farmer education and targeted promotional efforts by government agencies are crucial for realizing the full potential of agroforestry.

Fact Check

- Pakistan imported raw wood and wood products worth $37 million during 2019-20. (Confirmed in abstract)
- 32.5% of respondents agreed that trees reduced soil erosion. (Confirmed in abstract and Table 5)
- 57.5% of respondents were illiterate. (Confirmed in Table 2)

Mind Map