Cephalometric evaluation of mandibular incisor inclination through incisor mandibular plane angle (IMPA): A cross-sectional study in Pakistan.

Article Information

Title: Cephalometric evaluation of mandibular incisor inclination through incisor mandibular plane angle (IMPA): A cross-sectional study in Pakistan.

Authors: Neeraj Dherwani, Vishal Dherwani, Talha Asad Khan, Kashif Haroon, Hafiz Mahmood Azam, Muhammad Aqeel Aslam

Journal: The Professional Medical Journal (TPMJ)

HEC Recognition History

Category	From	To
Y	2024-10-01	2025-12-31
Y	2023-07-01	2024-09-30
Y	2022-07-01	2023-06-30
Y	2021-07-01	2022-06-30

Publisher: Independent Medical College, Faisalabad- Pakistan

Country: Pakistan

Year: 2024

Volume: 31

Issue: 1

Language: English

DOI: 10.29309/TPMJ/2024.31.01.7680

Keywords: Cephalometric analysisIncisor Mandibular Plane AngleIMPA

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the incisor mandibular plane angle (IMPA) among the Pakistani population. Study Design: Cross-sectional Learning. Period: 1st January 2019 till 30th June 2019. Setting: Department of Orthodontics, University College of Dentistry The University Lahore. Material &amp; Methods: 100 participants were incorporated in the learning by following inclusive standards. Demographic history i.e. name, age, gender, contact, and outcome variable i.e. IMPA value was recorded in a pre-designed proforma. Tracing of lateral cephalogram diagnosed as Class II Division I malocclusion was done by placing the Matte Acetate tracing paper over the radiograph. IMPA was used to assess the lower incisor inclination parameter Data were analyzed by using SPSS-20. Post-stratification students' t-test was smeared with p-value ≤ 0.05 as significant. Results: Out of 100 subjects, 44 subjects were males while the 56 subjects were females. The mean IMPA among all the patients were found to be 107.71°±3.89°. Whereas, the mean IMPA in male and female subjects was 106.91°±3.62° and 108.34°±4.01°, respectively. Similarly, the mean IMPA in non-obese subjects was 107.81°±3.81° and in obese subjects was 107.13°±4.41°, respectively. However, a non-significant relationship was found between both factors. Conclusion: The mean IMPA in patients with “Class II Division I malocclusion” is 107.71°±3.89° with a minimum and maximum value of 100° and 117° which may be incorporated for the treatment plan among Pakistani population.

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Research Objective

To evaluate the incisor mandibular plane angle (IMPA) among the Pakistani population with Class II Division I malocclusion.

Methodology

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 participants (44 males, 56 females) aged 12-30 years diagnosed with Class II Division I malocclusion. Lateral cephalograms were traced using matte acetate paper to measure the IMPA. Demographic data and IMPA values were recorded. Data was analyzed using SPSS-20, with a post-stratification students' t-test used to determine significance (p < 0.05).

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD
    A["Participant Recruitment 100 cases with Class II Div I malocclusion"] --> B["Data Collection: Demographic history & IMPA from lateral cephalograms"];
    B --> C["Data Analysis using SPSS-20"];
    C --> D["Statistical Tests"e.g., t-test""];
    D --> E["Interpretation of Results"];
    E --> F["Conclusion & Recommendations"];

Discussion

The study highlights the importance of mandibular incisor inclination in Class II Division I malocclusion for diagnosis and treatment planning. The findings provide a specific mean IMPA value for the Pakistani population, which can aid in treatment strategies to improve dentofacial aesthetics. Comparisons are made with previous studies on incisor inclination in different populations.

Key Findings

The mean IMPA among all participants was 107.71° ± 3.89°. The mean IMPA in males was 106.91° ± 3.62°, and in females was 108.34° ± 4.01°. The mean IMPA in non-obese subjects was 107.81° ± 3.81°, and in obese subjects was 107.13° ± 4.41°. No significant relationship was found between IMPA and gender or BMI.

Conclusion

The mean IMPA in Pakistani patients with Class II Division I malocclusion is 107.71° ± 3.89°, with a range of 100° to 117°. This value can be incorporated into treatment plans to enhance dentofacial aesthetics and contribute to public health in Pakistan.

Fact Check

- The study included 100 participants. (Confirmed in abstract and methodology)
- The mean IMPA for all patients was found to be 107.71° ± 3.89°. (Confirmed in abstract and results)
- The study period was from January 1st, 2019, to June 30th, 2019. (Confirmed in abstract)

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