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Title: Effectiveness of some novel fungicides against the sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in rice under in vitro and in vivo conditions
Authors: Basit Ali Morio, Sumbal Zaman, Ghulam Yaseen Dahar, Nimra Khanzada, Muhammad Aslam Rajput, Tasveer Hussain, Sadam Hussain Soomro, Owais Iqbal
Journal: Plant Protection
Publisher: Center for Community Learning
Country: Pakistan
Year: 2024
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Language: English
Keywords: Oryza sativaRhizoctonia solaniSheath blightNovel fungicidesRice disease management
Sheath blight of rice, caused by Rhizoctonia solani , is one of the most aggressive and damaging diseases in rice cultivation, leading to significant crop losses. Consequently, chemical fungicides are the most effective method to inhibit R. solani infection and control this disease. In the present study, R. solani isolate was obtained from infected rice plants, and its pathogenicity was confirmed using Koch’s postulates on 20-day-old rice seedlings at three different inoculum levels. The lowest percent disease index and disease incidence were recorded with the 1 ml pathogen inoculum suspension, while the 2 ml and 3 ml suspensions resulted in 100% disease incidence, significantly affecting plant parameters. Furthermore, five different fungicides, Duphetar Plus, Evito, Nativo, Ridomil Gold, and Shincar, were evaluated at three concentrations (10, 100, and 1000 ppm) against R. solani using poisoned food method. The results revealed that two fungicides, Shincar and Nativo, resulted in maximum mycelial growth inhibition of R. solani , whereas the other fungicides failed to inhibit the mycelial growth of the pathogen at all concentrations. Shincar and Nativo were further tested in a greenhouse setting to control pathogen infection in rice plants. These fungicides showed excellent results, reducing R. solani infection and minimizing disease incidence in treated rice plants compared to the control. The highest root length, shoot length, and plant weight were observed with Shincar, followed by Nativo. It is suggested that the use of these fungicides may reduce sheath blight disease incidence, effectively control pathogen infection, and improve plant growth parameters in field conditions.
To evaluate the efficacy of different fungicides against Rhizoctonia solani under in vitro and greenhouse conditions for managing sheath blight disease in rice.
The study involved isolating Rhizoctonia solani from infected rice plants, confirming its pathogenicity using Koch's postulates on rice seedlings, and evaluating the in vitro efficacy of five fungicides (Duphetar Plus, Evito, Nativo, Ridomil Gold, and Shincar) at three concentrations (10, 100, and 1000 ppm) using the poisoned food method. The most effective fungicides (Shincar and Nativo) were further tested in a greenhouse setting to assess their impact on disease incidence and plant growth parameters.
graph TD
A[Collect infected rice plants] --> B[Isolate and identify Rhizoctonia solani];
B --> C[Confirm pathogenicity using Koch's postulates];
C --> D[Evaluate in vitro efficacy of 5 fungicides at 3 concentrations];
D --> E[Identify most effective fungicidesShincar, Nativo];
E --> F[Test selected fungicides in greenhouse];
F --> G[Assess disease incidence and plant growth parameters];
G --> H[Analyze results and draw conclusions];
The study highlights the significant threat posed by Rhizoctonia solani to rice cultivation and the continued reliance on chemical fungicides for disease management. The findings support the effectiveness of Shincar (Carbendazim) and Nativo (Teboconazil + Trifloxistrobin) in controlling sheath blight, aligning with previous research on these active ingredients. The improved plant growth parameters in treated plants suggest that these fungicides not only control the pathogen but also mitigate its negative effects on plant development.
- Rhizoctonia solani was successfully isolated and identified as the pathogen causing sheath blight in rice.
- In vitro, Shincar and Nativo fungicides showed the maximum inhibition of R. solani mycelial growth at all tested concentrations.
- In greenhouse experiments, Shincar and Nativo effectively reduced R. solani infection and disease incidence in rice plants.
- Shincar-treated plants exhibited the highest root length, shoot length, and plant weight, followed by Nativo-treated plants.
Nativo and Shincar fungicides are effective in controlling Rhizoctonia solani and reducing sheath blight disease incidence in rice, both in vitro and in vivo. Their application is recommended for managing this disease and improving rice plant growth parameters under field conditions.
- Date of Publication: The article was published in Plant Protection, 08 (03) 2024.
- Fungicides Tested: Five fungicides were evaluated: Duphetar Plus, Evito, Nativo, Ridomil Gold, and Shincar.
- Pathogen: The study focused on Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of sheath blight in rice.
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