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Title: Understanding the origins, impacts, and remedies for mungbean yellow mosaic virus
Authors: Rabia Tahir Bajwa, Mustansar Mubeen, Talha Shafique, Muhammad Irfan Zafar, Yasir Iftikhar, Qaiser Shakeel
Journal: Plant Protection
Publisher: Center for Community Learning
Country: Pakistan
Year: 2024
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Language: English
Keywords: Mungbean Yellow Mosaic VirusVigna radiataBegomovirusWhitefly transmissionCrop yield reductionDisease management
Mungbean ( Vigna radiata ) is a crucial crop worldwide, especially in Asian countries, where it significantly contributes to agricultural yields. However, the Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV), a begomovirus, causes substantial yield reductions. Despite ongoing efforts to identify resistant cultivars, most available varieties remain susceptible, potentially resulting in yield losses of up to 100%. In Pakistan, challenges such as inadequate irrigation, disease outbreaks, and poor-quality seed stocks exacerbate the impact of MYMV on mungbean production. Whiteflies ( Bemisia tabaci ) are the primary vectors for MYMV. Molecular characterization reveals that virus particles aggregate in the host nuclei, disrupting cell structure and leading to yield losses, with early infection stages resulting in more severe reductions. Efforts to manage MYMV include evaluating mungbean germplasm for resistance and emphasizing the importance of genetic resistance in disease control. Despite difficulties in developing resistant cultivars, ongoing research aims to reduce the impact of MYMV on mungbean production. This review explores the effect of MYMV on mungbean production, particularly in Pakistan, and examines the associated economic consequences. It also investigates the genetic susceptibility of mungbean cultivars, the influence of environmental conditions, and the dynamics of whitefly populations, which collectively contribute to MYMV incidence. The review highlights the correlation between whitefly populations and disease incidence and discusses strategies for managing MYMV and its vector. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of current approaches to develop sustainable and effective methods for mitigating MYMV-induced yield losses in mungbean cultivation.
To review the origins, impacts, and remedies for Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) on mungbean production, with a focus on Pakistan, and to explore strategies for its management.
This is a review article that synthesizes information from existing literature on Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV). It draws upon various studies related to the virus's characteristics, transmission, host-pathogen interactions, molecular aspects, and management strategies.
graph TD
A[Literature Review] --> B[Identify MYMV Origins and Impacts]
B --> C[Analyze Transmission and Symptoms]
C --> D[Evaluate Host-Pathogen Interactions]
D --> E[Examine Molecular Characterization]
E --> F[Assess Management Strategies]
F --> G[Identify Research Gaps and Future Directions]
G --> H[Synthesize Findings into Review Article]
The review highlights the critical threat posed by MYMV to mungbean production, a vital crop in Asian countries like Pakistan. The susceptibility of most cultivars, coupled with challenges like inadequate irrigation and poor seed quality in Pakistan, exacerbates the problem. The role of whiteflies as vectors is well-established, and their population dynamics are influenced by environmental factors and insecticide resistance. While various management strategies exist, including chemical control and cultural practices, genetic resistance remains the most promising long-term solution. The paper discusses the limitations of current resistance sources and the need for further research into molecular mechanisms and biotechnological interventions.
- Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV), a begomovirus transmitted by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci), causes significant yield reductions in mungbean, potentially up to 100%.
- Most available mungbean varieties are susceptible to MYMV, and Pakistan lacks resistant cultivars.
- Environmental conditions, vector population dynamics, and genetic susceptibility of mungbean cultivars collectively contribute to MYMV incidence.
- Early infection stages result in more severe yield reductions.
- Genetic resistance is considered the most sustainable and effective approach for MYMV management, though developing resistant cultivars is challenging.
Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) is a significant threat to mungbean cultivation, leading to substantial yield losses due to the susceptibility of most cultivars. Effective management strategies are urgently needed. Genetic resistance is emphasized as the most sustainable approach, requiring continued research and breeding programs. A multidisciplinary approach integrating genetics, agronomy, and virology, along with robust surveillance and farmer education, is crucial for securing mungbean production and ensuring food security.
- Mungbean contributes to approximately 90% of the worldwide yield in Asian countries. (Supported by Sudha et al., 2013)
- Mungbean production in Pakistan for the 2013-2014 period was approximately 92.9 thousand tons, cultivated across 130.9 thousand hectares. (Supported by Government of Pakistan, 2014)
- MYMV can cause yield losses of up to 100%. (Supported by Sudha et al., 2013; Mohan et al., 2014)
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