DefinePK

Abstract

This communication describes the different diagnostic methods employed in diagnosis of hepatic disorders in canine. The current clinical study was conducted on a total of forty nine (n=49) dogs were suffering from various hepatic disorders. The diagnosis of disorders were made into acute hepatitis (n=14), chronic hepatitis (n=23) and Cholestasis/cholangiohepatitis (n=12). Ultrasonographic examination was carried out using 3-6.5 MHz transducer for various organs viz, hepatobiliary, urogenital and spleen. The ailing dogs with hepatomegaly were subjected to plain radiography by following the standard procedures. The mean values of haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocyte count and total platelet count were recorded to be 8.15±0.30g/dl, 25.33±1.06%, 3.81±0.14×106/µl, and 2.47±0.12×105/µl, respectively. A non-significant increase in the TLC (14.35±0.53×103/µl) was observed. Mean ALT, AST, ALP, Total bilirubin and BUN were 670.50±68.66 IU/L, 364.19±52.21 IU/L, 585.12±46.91 IU/L, 2.51±0.50 mg/dl and 25.69±1.90 mg/dl, respectively. Mean GGT and creatinine values were 16.38±5.53 IU/L and 1.51±0.11 mg/dl, respectively. Mean values of total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, plasma glucose and plasma cholesterol were 5.32±0.12 g/dl, 2.29±0.07g/dl, 3.01±0.07g/dl, 0.76±0.02, 66.28±2.03 mg/dl and 135.67±6.27mg/dl, respectively. Six (12.25%) dogs showed reduced parenchymal echogenicity with enhanced visualization of portal vessels suggestive of acute hepatitis. Dogs with hyperechoic bright liver and normal size were diagnosed as chronic hepatitis, which was observed in nine (18.36%) dogs. Bright and small liver with irregular margins was diagnosed as hepatic cirrhosis and was observed in four (8.16%) dogs. Cholestasis/cholangiohepatitis was diagnosed in 10 (20.40%) dogs having increased echogenicity of the wall with thickening of 2.9 to 3.7 mm. In three (6.12%) dogs which have been referred as the ultrasonographic murphy sign characteristic of acute cholecystitis.