DefinePK

Abstract

Anthrax cases in animals and humans are registered annually in Kazakhstan, causing significant economic and human losses. Therefore, the study aims to monitor the disease outbreaks in all regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan during 2019-2023, as well as to study the immunogenic characteristics of Kazakhstani biological preparations for the prevention of anthrax in farm animals. The study used analytical, monitoring, and statistical methods, as well as serological studies in determining the titers of specific post-vaccine antibodies. As a result of monitoring studies for the period from 2019 to 2023, two “active” anthrax foci were detected in Kazakhstan – the southern region (Zhambyl and Turkestan regions) and the northern region (Kostanay, North-Kazakhstan, East-Kazakhstan, and Akmola regions). At the same time, a tendency of increasing morbidity among the population in recent years has been revealed. The greatest correlation of anthrax morbidity was found with the growth of the cattle population in the region. The correlation coefficient was 0.87 at P<0.001. All Kazakhstani biopreparations for disease prevention caused the level of postvaccine antibodies sufficient for the protection of animals. At the same time antibodies in immunised animals after application of preparations of different manufacturers were detected at the same level. The study results enable us to forecast the development and spread of anthrax epizootic foci in the country and to develop effective methods of vaccine prophylaxis.