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Abstract

This report describes the clinical, hematological, biochemical, sonographic, and pathologic findings in a female camel with disseminated pyogranuloma. A 6-year-old, non-lactating and non-pregnant female dromedary camel was presented due to progressive weight loss during the last 5 months. The presenting complains in the case under investigation consisted of progressive weight loss with a body condition score of 2.0. Hematobiochemical panels indicated severe bacterial infection, hypoalbuminemia, hypoproteinemia, hyperglobulinemia, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia and renal impairment in the form of increased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations. Transabdominal sonography showed a large area of heterogenous echogenicity between the intestinal loops on the right abdomen; some parts were anechoic. There was no evidence of vascularization. Other areas were homogenously isoechoic compared to echogenic intestines. Spots of calcification were imaged within the lesions. Similar areas of dissemination were imaged withing the right renal parenchyma. Histopathological examination of the abdominal lesion revealed massive, disseminated pyogranulomas composed of chronic suppurative inflammation, including bacterial colonies and exudate rich in neutrophils, macrophages, and plasma cells. In conclusion, transabdominal sonography was valuable for localization, scanning and verification of pyogranuloma and its intra-abdominal dissemination. Histopathological examination of the biopsy specimen, however, is still the final diagnostic tool for disseminating pyogranulomas in camels.