DefinePK

Abstract

Cellulose has many advantages such as abundant in nature, inexhaustible, low cost, easy processing, renewable, biodegradable and biocompatible. The most interesting effect is its positive environmental impact. It is also a renewable resource whose further production requires little energy. Thus, more eco-friendly method needs to be used to extract the cellulose. Pineapple leaf and kapok fiber are chosen in this study, since both reported to have a high composition of cellulose. In this study, extraction and characterization were carried out to obtain pure cellulose fiber from pineapple leaf (Annanus cosomus) and kapok (Ceiba Pentandra (L.)) using eco-friendly method namely as dissolution in deep eutectic solvent (DES), which compose from choline chloride and urea. Chemical analysis and physico-chemical characteristics of raw and produced materials were investigated with the help of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The FTIR results show that the treatment by dissolution in DES method removed most of the hemicelluloses and lignin from the raw pineapple leaf and kapok fiber. Chemical analysis also showed that 83.5% and 53.4% of cellulose contains in raw fiber of pineapple and kapok respectively. Meanwhile, the extracted fiber of pineapple and kapok containing 97.7% and 92.1% of cellulose respectively. TGA demonstrated that cellulose extracted from dissolution in DES method has higher thermal stability compared to raw fiber. Obtaining pure cellulose from natural fiber, including pineapple and kapok fiber is essential due to its potential in various applications.