DefinePK

Abstract

One of the major health problems of global concern is Tuberculosis (TB). According to the global report of WHO, approximately 1.3 million people died out of 8.6 million reported with TB in 2012. Most of the TB death can be prevented if it is detected at an early stage. Hindrance to that is improper diagnosis at the initial stage. Chest X ray (CXR) image is the primary medical diagnosis used for identifying the lung diseases at the first stage. Interpreting the information from CXR depends upon the experience of the doctor and the possibility of over and under diagnosis is very high. To identify the disease accurately a proper classification tool along with computer aided diagnosis should be used. Neural network can be used as a classifier tool for the same. Advancement in VLSI technology reduces the computational complexity of Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The research of neural networks in medical images (x-ray images of TB, lung cancer) diagnosis during adolescent stage, show a lot of remarkable improvements. This paper describes the fundamentals of radiology of lungs (analysis of CXR), image processing, ANN and recent developments in this area using computer aided diagnosis (CAD). We have gone through the Chest Radiology and found that an accurate classifier is required for proper diagnosis.