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Title: MANAGEMENT OF WHITE MOLD DISEASE OF CABBAGE (BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. CAPITATA) THROUGH DIFFERENT PLANT EXTRACTS AND CHEMICALS
Authors: Khizra Zahid, Amer Habib, Shahbaz Mustafa, Waqas Ahmad Khan, Atta ur Rehman Khan
Journal: Plant Protection
Publisher: Center for Community Learning
Country: Pakistan
Year: 2022
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Language: English
Keywords: PathogenFungicidesMycelial growthBrassicaSclerotiorum sclerotiorum
The cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. capitata ) is an herbaceous annual or biennial vegetable in the family Brassicaceae grown for its edible head. The cabbage white mold is one of the destructive diseases prevalent worldwide. The present study reports the finding of four fungicides and botanicals for the management of the pathogen. The efficacy of four fungicides was evaluated against the pathogen Sclerotiorum sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary on PDA medium through the poisoned food technique. The recorded data advocated that the percentage inhibition of the fungal growth increased as the concentration of the fungicides increased. According to the results, fungal mycelial growth inhibition ranged from 92.91% to 34.69% after 96 hours. Similarly, the efficacy of three plant extracts was examined under laboratory conditions at four concentration levels viz. S, S/25, S/50 and S/75 by poisoned food technique on PDA. The radial growth of the fungus was recorded after 48 hours, 72 hours, and 96 hours of incubation. The inhibition percentage was measured and the results revealed that the garlic extract among all the three tested plant extracts was the most effective to inhibit the mycelial growth (49.54, 58.67, and 73.90%) of S. sclerotiorum at S/50, S/25, and S respectively after seven days followed by neem leaf extract (32.77, 44.97 and 61.73%). Leaf extract of safeda gave the least inhibition percentage of fungal growth of S. sclerotiorum .
To evaluate the efficacy of different fungicides and plant extracts for the management of white mold disease of cabbage caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
The study involved in vitro assessment of four fungicides (Raydar, Crest, Curzate, and Mancozeb) and three plant extracts (neem, garlic, and safeda) against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum using the poisoned food technique on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium at various concentrations. Fungal growth inhibition was measured after 48, 72, and 96 hours.
graph TD
A[Collection of Diseased Cabbage Samples] --> B[Isolation and Identification of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on PDA];
B --> C[Pathogenicity TestKoch's Postulates];
C --> D[In vitro Assessment of Fungicides];
D --> E[In vitro Assessment of Plant Extracts];
E --> F[Data Analysis: Inhibition Percentage];
F --> G[Results and Discussion];
G --> H[Conclusion and Recommendations];
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a significant pathogen causing white rot in cabbage. The study confirmed the effectiveness of both chemical fungicides and plant extracts in inhibiting fungal growth. While chemical fungicides provided higher inhibition rates, the authors noted their potential environmental and health hazards, suggesting a need for eco-friendly alternatives like plant extracts. Garlic extract demonstrated promising antifungal activity.
Among the fungicides, Curzate at 200 ppm showed the highest inhibition of fungal mycelial growth (92.91%) after 96 hours. Among the plant extracts, garlic extract was the most effective, inhibiting mycelial growth by 73.90% at the 'S' concentration after seven days, followed by neem leaf extract (61.73%). Safeda leaf extract showed the least inhibition.
Curzate chemical was found to be the most effective in managing the disease severity by inhibiting mycelial growth of Sclerotinia fungus. Garlic plant extract also showed significant mycelial inhibition, suggesting its potential as an eco-friendly alternative. Further research is recommended for the combined use of chemicals and plant extracts.
1. Fungicide Inhibition: The study reported that fungal mycelial growth inhibition by fungicides ranged from 92.91% to 34.69% after 96 hours.
2. Garlic Extract Inhibition: Garlic extract achieved up to 73.90% inhibition of S. sclerotiorum mycelial growth at the 'S' concentration after seven days.
3. Neem Extract Inhibition: Neem leaf extract showed up to 61.73% inhibition of S. sclerotiorum mycelial growth at the 'S' concentration after seven days.
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