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Abstract

Analysis of variance and characteristics of surfactant palmitoyl-ethanolamide was observed in this study. Palm oil fraction, palmitic acid (PA), is reacted with monoethanolamine (MEA) to produce palmitoyl-ethanolamide using ZrCl4 catalyst and a mixed solvent of isopropanol-hexane. The observed effect of substrate mole ratio (1/6.6-1/13.4 PA/MEA), catalyst concentration (1.6-8.4 w/w PA) and solvent ratio (0.32/1-3.7/1 v/w PA) to the conversion of palmitic acid was arrange by Central Composite Design (CCD) and performed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). In the analysis of variance, observed the assumptions of normality, homoscedasticity, and independence to ensure the significance of the regression model that is compiled. The results of analysis of variance indicate that the required assumptions have been met and the regression model made is appropriate and usable. The characteristic test of surfactant palmitoyl-ethanolamide showed that the value of HLB palmitoyl-ethanolamide was 12.857 with the decrease of the surface tension of 32.61 dyne/cm.