DefinePK

Abstract

Gaseous emission from fresh manure in a cattle feedlot located in Bekasi Municipality, West Java Province, Indonesia is planned to be raw material for biogas production in order to substitute a part of electricity energy need in a local household scale. To enable an engineering design of the facility to convert biogas to be electrical energy as well as to ensure the sustainability of the energy supply system, physical and chemical characteristics of the gaseous emission from the fresh manure was carried out. The objectives of the research are to describe the physical and chemical characteristics of the gas emitted from cattle manure and to measure the odour intensity of the existing ambient air in the inner area of the cattle feedlot as well as in their surrounding areas. Physical parameters include temperature, relative humidity, enthalpy, and specific volume, whereas chemical parameters cover Methane (CH4), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Oxygen (O2), Hydrogen (H2), Nitrogen (N2), and two odorous gases, i.e. Ammonia (NH3) and Hydrogen sulphide (H2S). The gaseous samples were taken two times per day (6 AM in the morning; 6 PM in the evening) within two days campaign. Laboratory analyses were conducted according to the national standard methods (SNI) in an accredited laboratory. Odour intensity was also measured by using an odour judge panel consisting of seven well trained odour panellists. Result of the analysis show that methane concentration of the emitted gas is 13% and the majority of the gas was nitrogen (59%). The concentrations of the odorous gases inside the feedlot were much higher than the national standard limit, whereas outside of the feedlot was below the standard. Odour intensity perceived by the panellist indicated that the average score inside the feedlot was -2.3 [unpleasant], whereas the outside one was 0.0 [neutral].