DefinePK

Abstract

Animal Habitat monitoring can be better carried out remotely without active human interruption. The designed system should provide data that facilitates proactive measures to prevent the spreading of health hazards among animals, detect intruding poachers and track the locomotive behavior of animals in their habitat. In this work, reliable and resilient cost effective routing solutions are implemented addressing Passive and Active Mobility requirements through embedded plat- forms such as Raspberry PI and Arduino. For addressing passive mobility requirement, an alternate to Zigbee mesh routing protocol (Modified AODV) namely a Greedy Based Geographic Forwarding with Delay Tolerant approach is implemented. Nodes tagged on to animals are equipped with GPS and IEEE 802.15.4 wireless transceiver to transmit the location information along with sensed parameters either via singlehopor maximum forwarding progress neighbor (animal) towards sink in multi-hop manner. The payload is buffered until a forwarding neighbor (neighboring animal) or sink is detected in transmission range to handle void issues in deployed monitoring area. Sink is assumed to be stationary and this solution is designed to address application requirement that demands to track the locomotive behavior of animals via passive mobility. It isachievedthrough802.15.4MACaddressbasedtagging.However, for Active Mobility requirement, a routing solution is implemented where nodes are equipped with camera and driven through stepper motor(s). These spatially distributed nodes are made to move across the field to capture the detected animal images and transmit through Wi-Fi network to the gateway directly or through Optimized Link State Routing Approach (OLSR). These active mobile nodes run High Speed Multimedia Stack in Raspberry PI and transmit the compressed images by applying Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) to reduce the bandwidth and communication cost in addition to resolving congestion in a dense deployment.