DefinePK

Abstract

A lot of research is devoted to soil fauna, which is especially harmful on cultivated lands, and its changes with different methods of cultivating cultivated plants. The patterns of changes in the mesofauna on the dry and irrigated lands were studied. The experiment, in contrast to the available works in the scientific literature, will be based on the study of the impact of technogenic factors on the mesofauna of soils in southeast Kazakhstan. Studying the soil mesofauna will make it possible to solve many cardinal problems of systematics, phylogeny, evolutionary patterns, and other issues of soil zoology. The abundance and distribution of individual groups of the soil population is significantly affected by such indicators of the soil environment as the thickness of the litter and the content of humus in the soil. There is a tendency to positively correlate the characteristics of soil zoocenosis with soil moisture. pH and soil temperature, but their influence is significant only for certain groups of mesofauna, such as earthworms of the genus Lumbricus, larvae of dessert beetles, weevils and clickers. The significance of all factors considered is different for different representatives of soil invertebrates. The results showed accumulation of heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu) in the soil of southeastern Kazakhstan (Saimasai village) that cadmium representatives of the soil mesofauna accumulate in these quantities in the smallest amounts. The revealed features of the accumulation of HM in soil in the territory of the village of Saimasai indicate that the lead-zinc association is characteristic of the residential area, and the lead-cadmium association is characteristic of Sadovaya and Rysbekov streets, Pb (residential and Rysbekov) and Cd (Sadovaya) occupy a leading position. The geochemical series (Kc) of the accumulation of toxic elements of hazard classes 1 and 2 in the soil of the Saimasai village was established: Pb30> Cd20> Zn15.8> Cu1.7. Thus, the conclusion is made that the absence of the overall Saimasai soil pollution coefficient (64.5) reflects a high level of pollution in accordance with the generally accepted gradation of urban pollution, that is, dangerous levels of pollutants, in particular heavy metals.