DefinePK

Abstract

This study examines the intricate relationship between social movements and political change, focusing on global protests in the 21st century. By analyzing key case studies from regions like the Arab Spring, the Black Lives Matter movement, and the Hong Kong pro-democracy protests, this paper highlights the transformative capacity of collective action on political landscapes. The research assesses the drivers behind mass mobilizations, strategies employed, digital activism, and state responses. Emphasizing the role of media, grassroots organization, and transnational solidarity, the findings suggest that social movements can significantly reshape policies, governance structures, and societal norms, though their outcomes are highly context-dependent.