DefinePK

Abstract

Background:  Ginseng (Panax ginseng) has garnered considerable attention due to its medicinal properties. This study aimed to assess the protective effects of ginseng ethanolic extract against chlorine-induced toxicity in female rabbits.                                                         . Methods:  Thirty-two female rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: a negative control group receiving chlorine-free water, a positive control group receiving tap water with chlorine (0.05 ppm/L), a group exposed to chlorine (5 ppm/L) in water, and a group exposed to chlorine (5 ppm/L) along with ethanolic ginseng extract (200 mg/kg body weight). Treatment lasted for four weeks. Results:  revealed that oral exposure to chlorine led to oxidative stress, evidenced by elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and liver enzymes (AST & ALT), as well as suppressed blood parameters (PCV, HB, and RBC count), and histological liver alterations compared to the normal control group. Conversely, administration of ginseng extracts alongside chlorine for four weeks reduced MDA levels and liver enzyme activity while enhancing blood parameters, accompanied by decreased inflammatory histological changes. Conclusion:  These findings suggest that ginseng extract possesses potent antioxidant activity, mitigating chlorine-induced toxicity and its associated pathophysiological consequences.  Keywords:  Ginseng; Chlorine; MDA; Liver enzymes; Blood parameters