DefinePK

Abstract

This paper delves into the ongoing civil war and humanitarian crisis in Sudan, where decades of unresolved ethnic, political, and economic divisions have culminated in mass displacement, genocide, and ethnic cleansing. It critically examines the role of the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF), the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), and their external backers, such as the United Arab Emirates, in perpetuating these atrocities. Furthermore, the paper scrutinizes the systemic failures of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in holding key perpetrators accountable, hindered by Sudan’s non-ratification of the Rome Statute and international political resistance. The analysis explores how the conflict destabilizes neighbouring countries through arms trafficking, human trafficking, and the proliferation of extremist networks, amplifying global security threats. Drawing on historical context and contemporary developments, the paper argues that Sudan’s crisis exemplifies the urgent need for coordinated international action to uphold global justice and prevent Sudan’s descent into a forgotten tragedy. It concludes by advocating for robust international intervention to break the cycle of impunity and ensure that Sudan’s suffering catalyzes reform in global accountability mechanisms.