DefinePK

Abstract

low-grade inflammation has been observed in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) may be involved in the IBS. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the expression of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR8 in the blood of IBS patients from Iraq. mRNA levels were measured using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), with β-Actin as the reference gene.
Results showed a significant reduction in TLR2 mRNA expression (p < 0.01), a significant elevation in TLR4 mRNA expression (p < 0.05), and no significant change in TLR8 (p > 0.05) mRNA levels compared to healthy controls. Our findings indicate that changes in TLR expression may contribute to the immune dysregulation linked to IBS. Further research with larger sample sizes and subgroup analyses is necessary to fully understand the mechanisms behind these changes and their clinical significance.