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Abstract

This study focused on the phytochemical evaluation of Solanum nigrum extracts prepared using various solvents. The main objective was to identify the bioactive substances in the extracts, including sterols, fatty acids, waxes, chlorophyll, essential oils, fatty acids, lipophilic carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, glycoalkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides, and steroids. The study found that Solanum nigrum contains glycoalkaloids, such as solanine and solamargine; flavonoids, such as quercetin and rutin; and triterpenoids, such as β-sitosterol.  Extraction yields depend on the plant material, solvent, and chemical composition of the extract.