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Abstract

Background: Dental restorative materials have changed over the last decades with the ultimate goals in mind; the esthetic requirements of the restored teeth and the role of the restoration in preventing secondary caries.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of conventional and resin-modified GICs in clinical application, emphasizing adhesion and cariogenic potential.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted over one year. January 2023 to January 2024. The sample size calculated was 150.  The patients who came within our research inclusion criteria were explained the study aim and method, and potential inconveniences collected data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 24.0. The analysis involved both descriptive and inferential statistical methods.
Results: Resin-modified GIC demonstrated significantly higher adhesion success compared to conventional GIC (p = 0.00001), while adhesion failure was more frequent with conventional GIC. Secondary caries were significantly less prevalent with resin-modified GIC than with conventional GIC (p = 0.003). Age was significantly associated with secondary caries (p < 0.00001), with the highest prevalence in the 51–65 age group, but not with adhesion success (p = 0.783). Gender significantly influenced adhesion outcomes (p = 0.003), with females showing higher success rates than males. Females had a higher prevalence of secondary caries than males (p = 0.083).
Conclusion: The use of resin-modified GIC has a higher percentage of adhesion success and better caries control than conventional GIC. Based on the improved durability and wear resistance of the restored material, resin-modified GIC would be preferred for cases where caries activity could be considered ‘‘higher,’’ or where maintaining an optimal moisture content would be difficult. Such findings support the consideration of materials in restoring teeth in the best way possible with the aim of satisfying patients