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Abstract

To improve the monitoring and operational control of maritime traffic and nearby marine environments, this study investigates the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and drones for improved surveillance, mapping, and remote sensing. UAVs offer real-time, high-resolution data that can help with more precise tracking of traffic patterns and vessel movements across large sea areas. The study suggests employing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), which are very good at handling and decipheringcomplicatedpicturedata,toprocessthedatagatheredbytheseUAVs.This method overcomes the shortcomings of current tracking and monitoring systems by utilizing CNNs to improve object detection skills, particularly in accurately detecting andcategorizingshipfeatures.Identifyingshipsfromaerialphotosisacrucial problem in UAV-basedsurveillance,whichfrequentlycallsonanalyzingminutecharacteristics and patterns. Because it facilitates more effective monitoring of marine activity and helps manage the ecological impact of sea traffic, the project focuses on large-scale object detection in aerial photography, a field with important commercial and environmental ramifications.
The study presents sampling equivariant algorithms and other optimization-based techniques designed to enhance detection for the particular requirements of aerial images. The sampling equivariant technique is especially helpful for detecting small ship items, which can appear on different scale sand orientations and frequently have a hazy or deteriorating appearance. This method improves ship detection accuracy in difficult situations by reliably identifying these objects despite scale and viewpoint alterations. Furthermore, optimization-based tactics improve feature extraction accuracy by using grayscale sampling approaches to distinguish ships from their backgrounds in high-noise or low-contrast environments. Together, these methods enable the efficient tracking, classification, and prediction of ship motions and directions by extracting important ship properties from UAV photos. By monitoring traffic in environmentally sensitive locations, this predictive capability helps manage maritime safety, expedite emergency response times, and promote environmental conservation.
      The results of this study demonstrate the value of UAV Surveillance when paired with cutting-edge CNN algorithms. The suggested methods greatly improve operational safety, environmental monitoring, and the commercial management of marine traffic by enabling more reliable detection of small, far-off objects in complicated, variable situations. This work provides a scalable method to meet the increasing demand for precise and efficient marine surveillance by improving airborne object detection capabilities.