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Abstract

Background: Genomics has been and is still a great advancement in healthcare by bringing more personalized and effective treatments and integrated into personalized medicine. Bringing more personalized and effective treatments, genomics has been and continues to be a great advancement in healthcare and integrated into personalized medicine. While this is a potential, it is tempered by number of challenges particularly around the problems of data privacy, regulatory complexity and underrepresentation of diverse populations in genomics research that hinder widespread adoption and teaching of lessons learned.
Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted through the integration of genomics into the personalized medicine. The results of such an examination were used to evaluate the current technological advancements, clinical applications, challenges, and future directions of genomic medicine by means of a wide range of sources, including literature reviews, cases studies, clinical trials, and so on. The review covered key domains including oncology, rare genetic disorders, and pharmacogenomics. The analysis also included the ethical, regulatory, and economic barriers to the use of genomics in clinical practice.
Results: It found that NGS and bioinformatics have transformed oncology and rare disease diagnostics, and CRISPR-based gene editing is poised to make genetic therapies more targeted. As a result, pharmacogenomics has become a successful way to optimize drug treatments according to genetic profiles. Despite these challenges, genomics integration is a difficult road, primarily due to security and privacy concerns, as well as the evolutionary cohesion of regulators. The genome studies exclude large non-European populations limits the worldwide applicability of personalized medicine.
Conclusion: The findings drive home the transformative potential of genomics in personalized medicine and underscore the urgency to develop a global standardized regulatory framework, secure data, and increase diversity in the field of genomic research. Future work should address economic implications, increasing genomic literacy, and equitable access to genomic technologies. With these barriers overcome, genomic medicine can be a cornerstone of healthcare worldwide.