DefinePK

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to quantify the changes in microbiological patterns associated with chronic osteomyelitis over five years. It specifically focused on infections caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria and the susceptibility of antimicrobial treatments in the Department of Orthopedic and Spine at HMC, Peshawar.
METHODOLOGY
This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedic & Spine Surgery Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan, from 1st August 2023 to 31st July 2024. The sample size was 133. A non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used for sampling. All patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in our study. Patient’s age (< 45 years or > 45 years) & gender (men/women) were our demographic variables, while the presence of chronic osteomyelitis was our research variable. Data was analyzed using IBM-SPSS-V.25.
RESULTSOut of 134 patients in the study, 70(52.2%) were males & 64(47.8%) were females. Among patients in Group A, i.e., from 11th Nov 2018 to 1st Nov 2019, the most prevalent microbe causing osteomyelitis was Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 29%, followed by MRSA found in 26.3%. Among patients in Group B, i.e., 1st Nov 2023 to 1st Nov 2024, the most prevalent microbe causing osteomyelitis was Methicillin Sensitive Staph aureus (MSSA) 40.2% followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 13.8%. MRSA was isolated from 2 cases. Among instances of various osteomyelitis, E-Coli & Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most resistant microbes to multiple antibiotics.
CONCLUSION
The evolving antibiotic resistance to various microbes has made it mandatory to perform cultures of infected bone & to use antibiotics that are sensitive to specific organisms. Further, in our setup, there has been a decline in several MRSA cases in 5-year period causing osteomyelitis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa & E-Coli are associated with multi-drug-resistant Chronic Osteomyelitis.