DefinePK

Abstract

Background: Ethical competence plays a crucial role in the quality and safety of physical therapy practice. Physical therapists regularly navigate complex clinical situations that demand sound ethical judgment, particularly in culturally sensitive contexts. In countries like Pakistan, where societal, religious, and institutional dynamics influence healthcare delivery, a strong understanding of medical ethics and professional codes of conduct is vital. Identifying gaps in ethical awareness among young professionals is essential to inform education and clinical policy reform.
Objective: To explore the knowledge and experiences of young physical therapists in Lahore, Pakistan, regarding medical ethics and professional codes of conduct.
Methods: This qualitative study employed a grounded theory approach. A total of 15 in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with physical therapists having 2 to 5 years of clinical experience, selected through non-probability purposive sampling. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using NVivo software. A thematic content analysis was performed to identify patterns and recurring themes, ensuring saturation of data.
Results: Thematic analysis revealed five major themes: gender preference (reported by 100% of participants), unethical response (66.7%), ethical decision making (80%), involvement of management bodies (73.3%), and knowledge about ethical codes of conduct (86.7%). Two subthemes also emerged—ethical education of young graduates and the role of management bodies in promoting ethical standards. Participants highlighted both their personal awareness and observed gaps among peers regarding ethical practices in physical therapy.
Conclusion: The study found that young physical therapists in Pakistan encounter several recurring ethical challenges. Strengthening early professional training, integrating ethics into curriculum, and engaging management bodies in ethics education are essential steps toward fostering a more ethically sound clinical environment.