DefinePK

Abstract

This study investigates the effectiveness of Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) programs in fostering holistic development among young children. The primary objectives were to explore teachers’ perceptions regarding the efficacy of ECCE initiatives, identify challenges faced during implementation, evaluate their impact on student enrollment, and propose actionable recommendations for program enhancement. Guided by a positivist paradigm, the research employed a quantitative, descriptive design. The population comprised 170 primary-level schools equipped with ECCE classrooms in District Mandi Bahauddin, covering the three Tehsils: Malikwal, Mandi Bahauddin, and Phalia. Using a convenience sampling technique, 118 schools were selected, with the sample size determined via an online calculator at a 95% confidence level and 5% confidence interval. Data were collected through structured surveys and analyzed using SPSS. Results indicated a notable increase in student enrollment and engagement in ECCE programs, largely attributed to the presence of safe, welcoming, and stimulating classroom environments. Nevertheless, several critical barriers were identified, including inadequate funding, a shortage of trained educators, and low parental involvement. Based on these findings, the study recommends improving teacher training initiatives, strengthening collaboration between schools and families, and ensuring consistent access to quality educational materials and infrastructure. These measures are essential for enhancing the overall impact and sustainability of ECCE programs.