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Abstract

This study explores the foundations, principles, and applications of Greek medicine and Islamic therapeutic approaches through an analytical lens. Greek medicine, rooted in the humoral theory of Hippocrates and Galen, laid the groundwork for many pre-modern medical systems, while Islamic medicine, influenced by Qur’ānic teachings, Prophetic traditions, and the works of scholars such as Ibn Sīnā and Al-Rāzī, integrated spiritual and empirical healing methods. The central research question guiding this study is: How do the theoretical frameworks and therapeutic methodologies of Greek medicine compare with those of Islamic medical tradition, and what can be derived from their synthesis for modern holistic healthcare? The methodology is qualitative and historical-analytical in nature, involving textual analysis of classical sources, translated manuscripts, and contemporary evaluations. Key similarities and divergences are identified in terms of diagnostic methods, treatment principles, and the role of spirituality in healing. The study finds that while Greek medicine emphasizes bodily balance through physical treatments, Islamic medicine integrates moral, spiritual, and physical dimensions. It is suggested that a contextual understanding of both systems can enrich current discussions on integrative and alternative medicine. The conclusion highlights the potential of Islamic therapeutic models, with their emphasis on ethical care and divine consciousness, to contribute meaningfully to modern wellness paradigms, particularly in Muslim societies.