DefinePK

Abstract

Armed conflicts disproportionately traumatize children, with 1.9 billion minors globally residing in conflict-affected zones (2023). Chronic exposure to violence, displacement, and loss inflicts severe psychological wounds—including PTSD, depression, anxiety, and developmental disruptions—exacerbated in protracted crises like Gaza, Syria, and Ukraine. This study synthesizes evidence on resilience and vulnerability factors shaping children’s psychological well-being amid war. Grounded in ecological systems theory and trauma-informed frameworks, it reveals that resilience stems from secure attachments, community support, and education, while vulnerability escalates with caregiver loss, chronic trauma, and resource deprivation. Case studies demonstrate that culturally adapted psychosocial interventions (e.g., TF-CBT, art therapy) and safe learning environments significantly mitigate symptoms, yet accessibility barriers persist due to stigma, funding gaps, and insecurity. The findings underscore an urgent need for integrated mental health policies that prioritize trauma-informed systems, cross-sector collaboration, and sustainable peacebuilding to foster recovery.