DefinePK

Abstract

Mass spectrometry (MS) proves valuable as a diagnostic tool for cancer biomarker identification because it detects molecules linked to disease with robust sensitivity coupled to high specificity and good accuracy levels. The review analyses the use of MS-based techniques for cancer diagnostics through proteomics, metabolomics and lipidomics studies of biomarkers together with LC-MS, MALDI-MS and MS/MS methodologies for early disease detection and treatment monitoring and prognosis evaluation. Single-cell MS methods, multi-omics capabilities, and AI-powered analytical tools now boost biomarker detection accuracy while liquid biopsy integration enables non-invasive cancer testing through MS systems. The clinical adoption of MS remains obstructed by existing challenges that include difficulties with sample complexity as well as standardisation difficulties and interpretation challenges. The field of cancer biomarker research with MS-based approaches will progress through the creation of portable MS devices for patient testing as well as refined analytical methods alongside AI-supported examination techniques which demonstrate how MS can transform clinical cancer identification capabilities and help physicians make better care decisions and aid precision medicine programmes to boost survival rates.