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Abstract

ABSTRACT
Background: Sexual dysfunction in women is a commonly overlooked complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), impacting physical and emotional well-being. It is particularly relevant among women of reproductive age, where quality of life and relational health may be significantly affected. Objective: To determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction among women of reproductive age with T2DM and explore associated demographic and clinical factors. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Conducted at a tertiary care center (Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan). Duration of Study: 19 October 2024 to 19 April 2025. Methods: A total of 245 women aged 18 to 45 years with T2DM were enrolled. Data were collected using a structured demographic questionnaire and the validated Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), which evaluates six domains: desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain. Statistical analysis was performed to determine prevalence and assess associations (p<0.05 considered significant). Results: The overall prevalence of sexual dysfunction was 62.0%. Dysfunction was significantly higher among uneducated women (61.8%, p<0.05), those residing in rural areas (65.8%, p<0.05), women with a diabetes duration >5 years (59.9%, p<0.05), and those with obesity (19.1%, p<0.05). Conclusion: Sexual dysfunction was found to be prevalent in 62% of women of reproductive age with T2DM. Lower education, rural residence, longer duration of diabetes, and obesity were significantly associated with increased risk. These findings emphasize the need for routine sexual health screening and counseling in diabetic care for women.