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Abstract

Background: Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is characterized by the rapid onset or worsening of symptoms and signs of heart failure, often necessitating urgent hospitalization. Its prevalence continues to rise globally, significantly contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. Objective: To determine the in-hospital outcomes among patients presenting with acute decompensated heart failure and concomitant hyponatremia.Study Design: Descriptive case series. Settings: Department of Cardiology, MTI-Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. Duration of Study: From 14 June 2022 to 14 December 2022. Methods: Patients meeting the predefined inclusion criteria were prospectively enrolled after obtaining informed written consent from the patients or their caregivers. Clinical assessments and serum sodium levels were monitored during hospitalization, and relevant in-hospital outcomes, including mortality, length of hospital stay, and rehospitalization rates, were meticulously documented. Results: Out of the enrolled cohort, 113 (71.5%) patients had a previous history of hyponatremia. During hospitalization, 54 (34.2%) patients died, 42 (26%) required hospital stays longer than six days, and 32 (20.3%) were rehospitalized after initial discharge. Conclusion: The presence of hyponatremia in patients hospitalized for ADHF at MTI-HMC was strongly associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including high mortality, prolonged hospitalization, and rehospitalization. Therefore, routine monitoring and management of serum sodium levels are strongly recommended for patients admitted with acute heart failure.