DefinePK

DefinePK hosts the largest index of Pakistani journals, research articles, news headlines, and videos. It also offers chapter-level book search.

Select Collection

Mirror Image or Molecular Mirage? Investigating Hormone Receptor Disconcordance in Breast Cancer Brain Metastases.

Article Information

Get PDF View Article
Login to Add in Library

Title: Mirror Image or Molecular Mirage? Investigating Hormone Receptor Disconcordance in Breast Cancer Brain Metastases.

Authors: Qurat ul Ain Tariq, Eisha Abid Ali, Noman Ahmed, Saad-bin-Anis, Irfan Yousaf, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim

Journal: Journal of Pakistan Medical Association

HEC Recognition History
Category From To
Y 2024-10-01 2025-12-31
X 2023-07-01 2024-09-30
X 2022-07-01 2023-06-30
X 2021-07-01 2022-06-30
X 2020-07-01 2021-06-30
W 2012-07-01 2020-06-30
X 2011-05-13 2012-06-30
Y 1900-01-01 2005-06-30

Publisher: Pakistan Medical Association.

Country: Pakistan

Year: 2025

Volume: 75

Issue: 8

Language: en

DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.25-65

Categories
Metastasis (30) Breast Cancer (402) Genetics (16287) Endocrinology (11489) Pathology (12652) Oncology (10297)

Abstract

Breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM) are a significantclinical challenge, especially in aggressive subtypes likeHER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer. Thisreview discusses hormone receptor discordance, it’sexistence and contributing factors, the role of the bloodbrainbarrier (BBB) in metastatic progression, andtherapeutic modalities. While local treatments such assurgery and radiotherapy remain foundational, advancesin systemic and immunotherapeutic approaches showpromising potential. A deeper understanding ofmolecular mechanisms driving BCBM is essential to guideeffective treatments and improve patient outcomes.

Paper summary is not available for this article yet.

Loading PDF...

Loading Statistics...