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Title: The 4BE quinqunx: A model for obesity pathogenesis
Authors: Sanjay Kalra, Madhur Verma, Nitin Kapoor
Journal: Journal of Pakistan Medical Association
Publisher: Pakistan Medical Association.
Country: Pakistan
Year: 2025
Volume: 74
Issue: 6
Language: en
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.25-46
For obesity management to be effective, one mustappreciate its causes and consequences. To do so, theseemingly complex science of obesity must be madesimpler. A model which helps us explain its causes,contributory factors, as well as potential correctivemeasures, is needed. We share the 4BE winged quincunxmodel of obesity etiopathogenesis. Four central players -the Brain, Bowel, Beta/alpha cell and Bulk (adipose tissue)-form a causative quadruple, with four wings-Environmental determinants, Endocrine factors, Entericmicrobiome and Extraneous limitations. The centre of thequincunx is occupied, in a stylish manner, by the ABC ofweight management: Attitude, Behaviour and Choices.The 4BE concept makes it easy for health careprofessionals to understand, and explain, obesity.KEYWORDS: Biochemistry, endocrinology, obesity,overweight, pathogenesis, person centred care,therapeutic patient education
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