DefinePK

Research Objective

To critically analyze W. H. Auden's poem "The Shield of Achilles" using Formalism theory.

Methodology

Qualitative research approach employing content analysis. The study focuses on the intrinsic features of the poem, such as language, form, and literary devices, as per Formalist theory.

Methodology Flowchart

                        graph TD
    A[Identify Poem: 'The Shield of Achilles'] --> B[Apply Formalism Theory];
    B --> C[Analyze Language and Form];
    C --> D[Analyze Literary Devices];
    D --> E[Compare Modern and Ancient Imagery];
    E --> F[Formulate Findings];
    F --> G[Draw Conclusion];                    

Discussion

The study argues that Auden uses the imagery of Achilles' shield to critique the post-World War II era, highlighting a decline in moral values and human dignity. Formalism theory is applied to emphasize how the poem's form and language contribute to its meaning, prioritizing intrinsic literary elements over historical or biographical context.

Key Findings

The poem "The Shield of Achilles" contrasts the materialistic, inhuman, and joyless modern world with the idealized, prosperous, and heroic ancient times, as depicted in Homer's Iliad. Formalist analysis reveals Auden's use of specific poetic language, devices like simile and alliteration, and structural elements to convey this message.

Conclusion

"The Shield of Achilles" is a masterpiece that uses formalist techniques to contrast the heroic past with the bleak, un-heroic present. Auden's poem serves as a critique of modern warfare and societal decay, urging a return to past moral values.

Fact Check

- The poem "The Shield of Achilles" was published by Auden in 1955. (Confirmed in text)
- The poem's content is derived from Homer's Iliad, specifically the description of Achilles' shield. (Confirmed in text)
- The poem was written after the Second World War. (Confirmed in text)

Mind Map